Comparative analyses and evaluation of the cosmeceutical potential of selected Chlorella strains

Chatzikonstantinou, Marianna; Kalliampakou, Aikaterini; Gatzogia, Melissanthe; Flemetakis, Emmanouil; Katharios, Pantelis; Labrou, Nikolaos E.

doi:10.1007/s10811-016-0909-1

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that the antioxidant ability of oleoresin is due of its electron transfer capability, which is determined by FRAP. However, the values determined by ORAC, DPPH, and ABTS assays, designed to measure the ability to transfer hydrogen atoms to neutralize a free radical, were low compared to those reported in other studies that used natural extracts [53,54,55,56]. This mechanism of action can be explained by the presence of astaxanthin in oleoresin, which is responsible for electron transfer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Determining the Potential of Haematococcus pluvialis Oleoresin as a Rich Source of Antioxidants

et al. 2019

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Haematococcus pluvialis is known to be a natural source of antioxidants for numerous applications. In this study, an oleoresin rich in carotenoids extracted by supercritical CO2 treatment of H. pluvialis was extensively characterized for its antioxidant capacity. Carotenoid content, fatty acid profile, total phenol content, antioxidant capacity, and viscosity of the oleoresin were determined with the aim of ascertaining the potential of the oleoresin in terms of its antioxidant content for food applications. The oleoresin contained 96.22 mg/g of total astaxanthin (which includes free astaxanthin and astaxanthin esters) and mostly included unsaturated fatty acids (~78% of total fatty acids). High total phenol content and ferric reducing antioxidant potential indicated high antioxidant capacity, but oxygen radical absorbance capacity was lower compared to the oleoresin samples obtained from other species. The oleoresin was a non-Newtonian fluid since it had shear-thinning (pseudoplastic) and shear-thickening (dilatant) flow. Therefore, the H. pluvialis oleoresin is a potential alternative in developing functional ingredients for designing healthy food products. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that has reported an extensive characterization of the antioxidant properties of a microalgal oleoresin obtained by means of supercritical CO2 fluid extraction.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Determining the Potential of Haematococcus pluvialis Oleoresin as a Rich Source of Antioxidants

et al. 2019

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“…Higher antioxidant levels and antioxidant enzyme activities are indeed associated with higher stress tolerance also in unicellular algae (Vega et al 2005;Salbitani et al 2015). The first-line scavengers in the detoxification of ROS in plant cells are SODs, metalloenzymes that produce H 2 O 2 by the dismutation reaction of superoxide anion (O 2 -), which is formed from aerobic metabolism (Chatzikonstantinou et al 2017). Cellular accumulation of H 2 O 2 raises the possibility of hydroxyl radical production via the Fenton reaction, in turn eliciting cellular oxidative damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgae cross-fertilization: short-term effects of Galdieria phlegrea extract on growth, photosynthesis and enzyme activity of Chlorella sorokiniana cells

et al. 2022

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Galdieria spp. (Rhodophyta) are polyextremophile microalgae known for their important antioxidant properties in different biological systems. Nowadays, the beneficial and bio-stimulant effect of microalgal extracts is widely tested on crops. Here, for the first time, potential positive effects of aqueous extracts from Galdieria were tested on a second microalgal culture systems. Chlorella sorokiniana cultures were supplemented with Galdieria phlegrea extracts (EC) and the short-term (48 h) effects of extract addition on growth and biochemical and physiological parameters were monitored and compared to those of non-supplemented Chlorella (CC). Growth of Chlorella was improved in EC as shown by higher optical density and cells number in the enriched cultures. In addition, EC appreciably increased the pigments (chlorophyll (a and b) and carotenoids) contents of Chlorella cells. Increase of photosynthetic pigments was associated with higher photosynthesis and lower non-radiative dissipation of light in EC as indicated by chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Reduced activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and APX), but increased total antioxidant capacity (ABTS) were observed in EC, suggesting that this culture was under a low oxidative status, but can activate antioxidant defences if exposed to oxidative stress. In conclusion, a short-term positive effect of the addition of G. phlegrea extracts on growth and physiology of C. sorokiniana was demonstrated.

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“…Although the IC 50 value was found to be equivalent to that of C.emersonii 11N i.e 0.42±0.05 mg/mL, it was lower than that of 0.503±0.06 mg/mL for Tetraselmis suecica. 28,29 Although the methanolic extract of C.emersonii KJ725233 exhibited a modest anti-hyaluronidase activity of 39.32±0.92% at 1000 µg/mL (Table1); its IC 50 of 1.58±0.06 mg/mL (Figure 1) was fivefold lower than that of Dunaliella tertiolecta (5.542±0.12 mg/mL), Tetraselmis suecica (5.907±0.26 mg/mL) and four fold lower than that of Nannochloropsis species (4.202±0.33 mg/mL) as previously reported. 28 The methanolic extract of C.emersonii KJ725233 exhibited a significant anti -elastase and a modest anti -hyaluronidase activity however, its anti -collagenase potential was found to be less significant with a percent inhibition of 20.33±2.90% at 1000 µg/mL (Table 1) with an IC 50 of 2.50±0.03 mg/mL (Figure 1).…”

Section: Anti -Aging Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 ROS induces the over expression of the matrix metalloproteinases and serine proteinases in the fibroblasts therefore causing the remodelling of skin extracellular matrix, resulting in skin damage. 28,29,30 To combat this oxidative stress, there is need to scavenge these free radicals. The methanolic extract of C.emersonii KJ725233 was thus evaluated for its radical scavenging potential by the DPPH method (Figure 2).…”

Section: Radical Scavenging Potential and Total Flavonoid Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlating the Anti – Aging Activity with the Bioactive Profile of Chlorella emersonii KJ725233; Its Toxicological Studies for a Potential use in Cosmeceuticals

Sawant¹,

Mane²

2017

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Background: Microalgae due to an array of its antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory bioactives have been changing the cosmeceutical market. One such bioactive power pack is Chlorella emersonii KJ725233, a novel, non-fastidious freshwater microalga with an inherently higher antioxidant potential. Objective: The present study evaluates its potential use as a cosmeceutical ingredient with arrays of biochemical assays, toxicity studies and GC-HRMS profiling. Materials and Methods: In vitro proteinase inhibition activity of the methanolic extract of C.emersonii KJ725233 was evaluated using SAAANA, sodium hyaluronate and bovine collagen as substrates respectively. The radical scavenging potential was determined by DPPH assay and was correlated to the total flavonoid content evaluated by aluminium trichloride method. The bioactive composition was evaluated by GC -HRMS analysis. Eye irritation potential and sulforhodamine B assay were carried out using 3T3 fibroblasts cells to ascertain its non-toxic nature. Results: The methanolic extract of C.emersonii KJ725233 exhibited a potent elastase inhibition of 92.04±2.27% at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL. This was qualitatively established by the presence of phytol, its isomer and other anti-inflammatory molecules as revealed by GC HRMS profile. Its radical scavenging potential with an IC 50 of 5.398±0.138 mg/mL exhibited a correlation coefficient of 0.9977 with its total flavonoid content. Toxicological studies on 3T3 fibroblast cell lines revealed its non -toxic as well as non -eye irritant nature. Conclusion: Its potential anti-aging and antioxidant activity coupled with its non-toxicity thus puts this microalga in the spot light for use in cosmeceutical industry.

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Comparative analyses and evaluation of the cosmeceutical potential of selected Chlorella strains

Cited by 22 publications

References 57 publications

Determining the Potential of Haematococcus pluvialis Oleoresin as a Rich Source of Antioxidants

Determining the Potential of Haematococcus pluvialis Oleoresin as a Rich Source of Antioxidants

Microalgae cross-fertilization: short-term effects of Galdieria phlegrea extract on growth, photosynthesis and enzyme activity of Chlorella sorokiniana cells

Correlating the Anti – Aging Activity with the Bioactive Profile of Chlorella emersonii KJ725233; Its Toxicological Studies for a Potential use in Cosmeceuticals

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