Comparative analysis of hemato‐biochemical profile, growth performance, and body composition of Common Carp cultured under different feed and habitats (biofloc technology and earthen pond systems)

Abstract

Measurements of fish haemato‐biochemical parameters, growth performance and body composition are essential to assess fish health, feed efficiency and body nutrients. In the current study four‐month experiment was conducted to investigate how two regularly used commercial feeds (crude protein level 30% and 28%) and different environments such as pond and biofloc systems, influence the haemato‐biochemical profile (WBC, RBC, HB, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, glucose, total protein, A/G ratio, ALT, AST and ALP), growth and muscle composition of C. carpio (initial average body weight 15.2 ± 0.9 g). Feeds were selected due to their intense use for carp culturing in Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Weekly surveys were conducted on both fish farming systems where the fish fed on different diets. Water quality parameters were appropriate throughout the study. According to the results, the large number of haemato‐biochemical parameters, growth rate and body muscle composition of fish fed on feed A compared to B was significantly higher (P<0.05). However, on a habitat basis, mostly the haemato‐biochemical parameters, growth rate and muscle composition were significantly greater in biofloc fish compared to pond fish with a low mortality rate. Additionally, the ALT, AST and ALP results in both systems were non‐significant (P>0.05). Further, the protein content of both feeds was positively related to the length and weight gain of fish. As shown by the regression R square and P‐value, crude protein in both feeds is more effective in biofloc technology. Hence, feed A and biofloc technology were proved more suitable for the fish blood profile, growth parameters and muscle composition. The current study provides the basic knowledge necessary to observe fish blood profile, growth and muscle composition, which could be vital to understanding fish culture management and environmental factors.