Comparative Analysis of Human Serum Albumin Adsorption and Complement Activation for Intraocular Lenses

Abstract

Intraocular liquid, in contrast to blood, has no cellular components; therefore, proteins (human serum albumin [HSA], and [alpha, beta, gamma] globulins) are the major components that determine patients' response to the intraocular lens (IOL) surface. In addition to the amount of adsorbed proteins, the possibility of its conformational changes, including conformational changes of globulins C1 and C3 that respond for the activation of the complements system by the classical and alternative pathways, cannot be excluded. The interaction between IOLs and protein components of intraocular liquid directly influences the ocular exudative reaction in the early postoperational period, the intensity of cellular and pigmental scurf on the surface of the IOLs, and the state of endothelial cells of the cornea in the distant postoperational period. Our goal was to compare the interaction of commercial IOLs made from polymethylmethacrylate, silicone, poly-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (p-HEMA), and copolymer p-HEMA with collagen with HSA and the complement system. The total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) method and hemolytic assay were used for this task, respectively. It has been demonstrated that the probability of biocompatibility of commercially produced IOLs on the stage of protein adsorption can be evaluated using the kinetic of HSA-fluorescein isothiocyanate adsorption onto the IOL surface by the TIRF METHOD: In the case of IOLs from p-HEMA, a negative correlation was shown between the degree of irreversible adsorption of HSA and the minimum relative rate constant of the surface-induced complement activation. We did not find any correlation between hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of lenses and their adsorptional properties including complement activation. From suggested adsorptional criteria in vitro for biocompatible surfaces, the hydrogel lens from p-HEMA has a lower probability of biocompatibility in comparison with other IOLs.

Determination of albumin sorption to intraocular lenses by radiolabeling and confocal laser scanning microscopy

“…Although we could confirm that the BSA in the solution did not denature over the study's time period, studies have shown that BSA undergoes conformational changes after adsorbing to hydrophobic surfaces such as PMMA. 47,52,53 A study by Pokidysheva et al 23 found albumin concentrations of 220 to 460 ng/cm 2 on different IOL materials after fewer than 30 minutes of exposure to 1 mg/mL of protein. They found higher protein levels, and more irreversibly adsorbed albumin for p-HEMA IOLs than for PMMA IOLs.…”

“…9,11,18 Protein sorption from the aqueous humor onto the IOL occurs immediately after the IOL is exposed to the aqueous humor, and this protein coating influences subsequent cell adhesion. [20][21][22][23] In vitro and ex vivo studies have evaluated the interaction between various aqueous humor proteins and IOL materials. Johnston et al 24 found differences in albumin and fibronectin sorption onto PMMA and hydrophobic acrylic IOLs in vitro and concluded that incubation time, protein concentration, protein type, and material composition influence individual uptake.…”

Effect of Air Plasma Processing on the Adsorption Behaviour of Bovine Serum Albumin on Spin-Coated PMMA Surfaces

“…Kinetic effects are often complex, in the long-time behaviour can differ from short-time behaviour, and final surface coverage can very based on the rate at which protein is introduced into the system. The amount of BSA adsorbed at room temperature is on the order of a few hundred of nano-gram per square centimetres, varying with the type of surface and adsorption conditions [42,43] . It is worth to note that the microstructure of spin-coated PMMA film, as required by QCM-D sample preparation, is different from that of commercial PMMA film.…”

Photoreversibility and Biocompatibility of Polydimethylsiloxane‐Coumarin as Adjustable Intraocular Lens Material

“…During cataract surgery, the protein concentration and cell level in the aqueous humor increase because of the blood–aqueous barrier (BAB) breakdown. This induces protein adsorption immediately after IOL implantation . The opacification of the posterior capsule by fibrosis and/or formation of pearls of Elschnig at the periphery of the capsule (= PCO) became visible starting from the 3° postoperational week, in all cases.…”