Comparative analysis of polarimetric signatures of aligned and optically active (“homochiral”) dust particles

Kolokolova, Ludmilla; Nagdimunov, Lev

doi:10.1016/j.pss.2014.01.002

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Interestingly the distinctive CP found by lidar is in agreement with the theoretical modeling study by Kolokolova and Nagdimunov (2014) where optically active particles were shown to have non-zero CP and zero linear polarization in the backscattering direction. However, a controlled study (Cao et al, 2011) measuring the degree of LP and CP in pollen backscattering found that both scale with each other following the predictions of Mishchenko and Hovenier (1995).…”

Section: Observations Of Aerosol Circular Polarizationsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Rather, non-spherical dust models were required to successfully reproduce the observations (Gledhill and McCall, 2000;Rogers and Martin, 1979;Schmidt, 1973;Vandenbroucke et al, 2021;Whitney and Wolff, 2002). Further, an interplanetary dust study by Kolokolova and Nagdimunov (2014) calculated the LP and CP in ensembles of spheroids oriented in a magnetic field and reported non-zero values for both. Notably they reported magnitudes of degree of CP comparable to degree of LP for alignment angles between the major axis and the existing field between 0 and 90 • .…”

Section: Alignment Of Particle As a Source Of Circular Polarizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circular polarization in atmospheric aerosols

Gassó

Knobelspiesse²

2022

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Recent technological advances have demonstrated the feasibility of deploying spaceborne optical detectors with full polarimetric capabilities. The measurement of all four Stokes coefficients opens significant new opportunities for atmospheric aerosol studies and applications. While considerable amounts of attention have been dedicated to sensors with sensitivity to the total intensity and linear polarization (represented by Stokes coefficients I, U, Q), there has been less attention to the additional information brought by measuring circular polarization (coefficient V). This report fills this gap in knowledge by providing an overview of aerosol sources of circular polarization in the atmosphere and discusses possible remote sensing signatures. In this paper, circularly polarized radiation that results from the interaction of incident unpolarized radiation is considered in three physical settings: optical activity originating in biogenic aerosols, alignment of non-spherical particles in the presence of electrical fields (such as dust, smoke, and volcanic ash), and aerosol multiple scattering effects. Observational and theoretical evidence of, and the settings and conditions for, non-zero aerosol circular polarization generated from incident unpolarized radiation are here gathered and discussed. In addition, novel radiative transfer simulations are shown to illustrate notable spectral and other features where circular polarization may provide additional information that is possibly independent from total intensity and linear polarization-only observations. Current techniques for the detection of aerosol composition (also referred as aerosol type) from space provide limited information. Remote identification of aerosols such as smoke, volcanic ash, and dust particles can only be accomplished with some degree of confidence for moderate to high concentrations. When the same aerosols are found at lower concentrations (but still high enough to be of importance for air quality and cloud formation), these methods often produce ambiguous results. The circular polarization of aerosols is rarely utilized, and we explore its value for improved determination aerosol composition. This study is presented as an overview with a goal to provide a new perspective on an overlooked optical property and to trigger interest in further exploration of this subject.

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Section: Observations Of Aerosol Circular Polarizationsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Alignment Of Particle As a Source Of Circular Polarizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular polarization in atmospheric aerosols

Gassó

Knobelspiesse²

2022

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…2.4. T-matrix theory and computations for anisotropic, chiral, gyrotropic, magnetic, and charged scatterers [31,37,38,60,80,107,123,124,185,191,192,215].…”

Section: Extended Boundary Condition Methods and Its Modifications Generalizations And Alternativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2.33. T-matrix modeling of scattering properties of interstellar, interplanetary, cometary, and planetary-ring particles [82,107,108,177]. [25,109,143,170,205,206,218].…”

Section: T-matrix Modeling Of Scattering Properties Of Aerosol and Cloud Particles In Planetary Atmospheresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive thematic T-matrix reference database: A 2014–2015 update

Mishchenko

Zakharova²,

Khlebtsov

et al. 2016

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer

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The T-matrix method is one of the most versatile and efficient direct computer solvers of the macroscopic Maxwell equations and is widely used for the computation of electromagnetic scattering by single and composite particles, discrete random media, and particles in the vicinity of an interface separating two half-spaces with different refractive indices. This paper is the seventh update to the comprehensive thematic database of peerreviewed T-matrix publications initiated by us in 2004 and includes relevant publications that have appeared since 2013. It also lists a number of earlier publications overlooked previously.

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“…Such dust particle alignment has been observed for solar magnetic field and it is assumed to be the reason why the light scattered by cometary dust becomes circularly polarized (CP; Kolokolova et al 2015). Actually, the most popular explanation of the CP formation is the scattering of light on aligned/irregular dust particles, or on the particles that contain homochiral molecules (Kolokolova & Nagdimunov 2014). Considering the chemical composition of dust in interstellar molecular clouds (Zhukovska et al 2008) and recent findings in the field of prebiotic solid-state chemistry (Oba et al 2019;Stolar et al 2020), which show that the evolution from molecular clouds to stars and planets provides a suitable environment for nucleobase synthesis in space, we can hypothesize that life arose chiral because originated in the IMCs with the critical role of dust particles, magnetic fields, and exposure to cosmic rays.…”

Section: Chirality Phenomenonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origins of Chiral Life in Interstellar Molecular Clouds

Valković

Obhođaš

2022

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The exploring of galactic chemical composition across the the Milky Way, and specifically across the solar neighborhood, provides insights into the chemical evolution of the universe. Since the formation of the first stars some hundred million years after the big bang (BB), heavier elements are synthesized in different stellar production processes at the expense of lighter elements. When the relative abundances of the life-forming elements evaluated for the Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA) are compared with the solar neighborhood stellar abundances, a striking similarity occurs. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that in some particular regions and at some particular time, the abundance curve of the first living matter and the universe coincided. Indeed, the best agreement between the two curves was obtained for (4 ± 1)× 109 yr after the BB, indicating the time of the origin of life. All organisms evolved on the Earth independently of place and time are leading to the LUCA and involve chiral molecules such as L amino acids and D sugars in fundamental life processes. The growing evidence from carbonaceous meteorites analysis shows an excess of L-type amino acids and D-type sugars, suggesting that the increase in L-type or D-type molecular chirality is the process that takes place in planetary and stellar forming systems, thus the life emerging from interstellar molecular clouds (IMCs) had to be chiral. Here we propose the spin-polarized proton–proton scattering as a potential physical process that takes place in IMCs environments and could lead to enrichment of L-type amino acids and D-type sugars.

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Comparative analysis of polarimetric signatures of aligned and optically active (“homochiral”) dust particles

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Circular polarization in atmospheric aerosols

Circular polarization in atmospheric aerosols

Comprehensive thematic T-matrix reference database: A 2014–2015 update

Origins of Chiral Life in Interstellar Molecular Clouds

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