Comparative Analysis of Salivary Mycobiome Diversity in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients

Chang, Shenghua; Guo, Haiying; Li, Jin; Ji, Yaoting; Jiang, Han; Ruan, Lianguo; Du, Minquan

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2021.781246

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The characteristic fungi in these diseases might be potential fungal markers which could be used to distinguish SLE, RA and UCTDs. Especially, the positive correlation between Archaeorhizomyces and CD4 + T-cell count was found in immune-related diseases ( Chang et al, 2021 ). Although changes in the structure and composition of gut fungi in SLE patients were found in our results compared with RA, CUTDs, and HCs, the relationship of gut fungi with SLE and the biological functions of fungi are still unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered gut fungi in systemic lupus erythematosus – A pilot study

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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ObjectiveGut fungi, as symbiosis with the human gastrointestinal tract, may regulate physiology via multiple interactions with host cells. The plausible role of fungi in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is far from clear and need to be explored.MethodsA total of 64 subjects were recruited, including SLE, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), undifferentiated connective tissue diseases (UCTDs) patients and healthy controls (HCs). Fecal samples of subjects were collected. Gut fungi and bacteria were detected by ITS sequencing and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, respectively. Alpha and beta diversities of microbiota were analyzed. Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis was performed to identify abundance of microbiota in different groups. The correlation network between bacterial and fungal microbiota was analyzed based on Spearman correlation.ResultsGut fungal diversity and community composition exhibited significant shifts in SLE compared with UCTDs, RA and HCs. Compared with HCs, the alpha and beta diversities of fungal microbiota decreased in SLE patients. According to principal coordinates analysis results, the constitution of fungal microbiota from SLE, RA, UCTDs patients and HCs exhibited distinct differences with a clear separation between fungal microbiota. There was dysbiosis in the compositions of fungal and bacterial microbiota in the SLE patients, compared to HCs. Pezizales, Cantharellales and Pseudaleuria were enriched in SLE compared with HCs, RA and UCTDs. There was a complex relationship network between bacterial and fungal microbiota, especially Candida which was related to a variety of bacteria.ConclusionThis study presents a pilot analysis of fungal microbiota with diversity and composition in SLE, and identifies several gut fungi with different abundance patterns taxa among SLE, RA, UCTDs and HCs. Furthermore, the gut bacterial-fungal association network in SLE patients was altered compared with HCs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered gut fungi in systemic lupus erythematosus – A pilot study

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…They found Candida, Mortierella, Malassezia, Simplicillium, and Penicillium to be significantly increased in HIV-infected individuals and dramatically decreased after ART. In contrast, the abundances of Verticillium, Issatchenkia, and Alternaria were significantly increased in PLWH after ART (27). They found that the composition of the oral mycobiome in the HIV-infected subjects after 6 months of ART was similar to that in the HIV-uninfected individuals.…”

Section: The Oral Mycobiome In Hiv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Moreover, Mortierella , Malassezia , Simplicillium , and Chaetomium were positively associated with viral load (VL), and Verticillium , Thyrostroma and Archaeorhizomyces were negatively associated with VL and positively correlated with CD4 + T-cell counts. In addition, Saccharomyces was positively correlated with VL and negatively associated with CD4 + T-cell counts ( 27 ). Therefore, HIV infection and ART administration might impact on the composition of the oral mycobiome, and the dysbiosis of oral mycobiome in HIV infection could be partially restored after ART.…”

Section: Alterations Of the Mycobiome In Hiv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neglected mycobiome in HIV infection: Alterations, common fungal diseases and antifungal immunity

Yang

Moog

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection might have effects on both the human bacteriome and mycobiome. Although many studies have focused on alteration of the bacteriome in HIV infection, only a handful of studies have also characterized the composition of the mycobiome in HIV-infected individuals. Studies have shown that compromised immunity in HIV infection might contribute to the development of opportunistic fungal infections. Despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), opportunistic fungal infections continue to be a major cause of HIV-related mortality. Human immune responses are known to play a critical role in controlling fungal infections. However, the effect of HIV infection on innate and adaptive antifungal immunity remains unclear. Here, we review recent advances in understanding of the fungal microbiota composition and common fungal diseases in the setting of HIV. Moreover, we discuss innate and adaptive antifungal immunity in HIV infection.

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“…Limited data have been reported to demonstrate the interkingdom interaction between the virome and mycobiome. However, different alpha and beta diversity of the salivary mycobiome has been observed in individuals with viral infections such as HIV infected individuals [ 102 ]. Nonetheless, to date, only a few studies have addressed the interaction between fungi and viral component of the microbiome and how it affects the host.…”

Section: Crosstalk Between the Virome And Mycobiome And Its Effect On...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, studies have confirmed the survivability of HSV virus in C. albicans biofilms is due to both decreased accessibility of antivirals to HSV and also the anti-inflammatory environment induced by C. albicans [ 103 , 111 ]. Candida has also been reported to be abundant in HIV-positive individuals, but without a statistical difference from HIV-negative persons [ 102 ]. Furthermore, increased abundance of adenoviruses and anelloviruses has been reported in fecal samples of HIV-positive individuals with low CD4+ T-cell counts [ 112 ].…”

Section: Crosstalk Between the Virome And Mycobiome And Its Effect On...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk between the Intestinal Virome and Other Components of the Microbiota, and Its Effect on Intestinal Mucosal Response and Diseases

Clinton

Hameed

Agyei

et al. 2022

Journal of Immunology Research

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In recent years, there has been ample evidence illustrating the effect of microbiota on gut immunity, homeostasis, and disease. Most of these studies have engaged more efforts in understanding the role of the bacteriome in gut mucosal immunity and disease. However, studies on the virome and its influence on gut mucosal immunity and pathology are still at infancy owing to limited metagenomic tools. Nonetheless, the existing studies on the virome have largely been focused on the bacteriophages as these represent the main component of the virome with little information on endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) and eukaryotic viruses. In this review, we describe the gut virome, and its role in gut mucosal response and disease progression. We also explore the crosstalk between the virome and other microorganisms in the gut mucosa and elaborate on how these interactions shape the gut mucosal immunity going from bacteriophages through ERVs to eukaryotic viruses. Finally, we elucidate the potential contribution of this crosstalk in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases and colon cancer.

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Comparative Analysis of Salivary Mycobiome Diversity in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients

Cited by 8 publications

References 44 publications

Altered gut fungi in systemic lupus erythematosus – A pilot study

Altered gut fungi in systemic lupus erythematosus – A pilot study

Neglected mycobiome in HIV infection: Alterations, common fungal diseases and antifungal immunity

Crosstalk between the Intestinal Virome and Other Components of the Microbiota, and Its Effect on Intestinal Mucosal Response and Diseases

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