Comparative analysis of secreted enzymes between the anthropophilic–zoophilic sister species Trichophyton tonsurans and Trichophyton equinum

Preuett, Barry; Schuenemann, Eric; Brown, Jacob T.; Kovac, Michelle E.; Krishnan, Sandeep; Abdel‐Rahman, Susan M.

doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2010.03.004

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Recent data comparing secreted proteolytic and lipolytic enzymes in Tt and Te support this idea [92]. Tt and Te are adapted to different host species (humans and horses, resp.…”

Section: The Role Of the Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…), and Tt causes a mild chronic disease whereas Te causes an inflammatory disease in humans. Of the 31 genes studied, each had ≥99.5% sequence identity between the two species; however, transcriptional analysis identified differences in expression during growth on keratin [92]. For example, of the subtilisin-like proteases examined, Sub6 and Sub7 had significantly higher expression in Tt compared to Te , whereas Sub1 and Sub5 had significantly higher expression in Te compared to Tt [92].…”

Section: The Role Of the Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dermatophyte Virulence Factors: Identifying and Analyzing Genes That May Contribute to Chronic or Acute Skin Infections

Achterman

White

2012

International Journal of Microbiology

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Dermatophytes are prevalent causes of cutaneous mycoses and, unlike many other fungal pathogens, are able to cause disease in immunocompetent individuals. They infect keratinized tissue such as skin, hair, and nails, resulting in tinea infections, including ringworm. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms that underlie the ability of these organisms to establish and maintain infection. The recent availability of genome sequence information and improved genetic manipulation have enabled researchers to begin to identify and study the role of virulence factors of dermatophytes. This paper will summarize our current understanding of dermatophyte virulence factors and discuss future directions for identifying and testing virulence factors.

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“…Recent data comparing secreted proteolytic and lipolytic enzymes in Tt and Te support this idea [92]. Tt and Te are adapted to different host species (humans and horses, resp.…”

Section: The Role Of the Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: The Role Of the Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dermatophyte Virulence Factors: Identifying and Analyzing Genes That May Contribute to Chronic or Acute Skin Infections

Achterman

White

2012

International Journal of Microbiology

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“…In contrast, infections in humans caused by geophilic M gypseum are rare but always with intensive inflammatory reaction and easy to cure . Previous investigations have demonstrated that different ecological dermatophytes had distinct secretory protease patterns and which will induce various host inflammatory reactions, since the secretory protease is the most important immunogen of dermatophytes. Other investigations had assessment and compared the immune response caused by different ecological dermatophytes infections .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential gene expression in HaCaT cells may account for the various clinical presentation caused by anthropophilic and geophilic dermatophytes infections

Deng

Liang

Zheng

et al. 2019

Mycoses

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Summary Background Despite the worldwide prevalence of dermatophyte infections, only a few genes are reported to be related to dermatophyte infections. In addition, the mechanism by which different ecological dermatophytes infection leads to varying intensity of inflammation remains unclear. Objectives To investigate the mechanism of varying intensity of skin inflammation caused by different ecological dermatophytes infection. Methods We infected HaCaT cells with anthropophilic and geophilic dermatophytes to mimic various ecological dermatophyte infections. RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐seq) was employed to identify the change in the gene expression of HaCaT cells. To verify the expression of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), we selected 18 HaCaT cells genes to conduct qPCR experiments. In addition, immunoblotting was conducted to validate key genes from the MAPK signalling pathway. Results After HaCaT cells were infected with the anthropophilic Trichophyton rubrum (T rubrum) and the geophilic Microsporum gypseum (M gypseum), 118 and 619 differentially expressed genes were identified in HaCaT cells, respectively. These genes may provide a clue as to how keratinocytes respond to anthropophilic and geophilic dermatophytes. We also found that JUN may play a critical role in keratinocytes infected with M gypseum. Conclusions Differential gene expression in HaCaT cells may account for the various clinical presentation caused by anthropophilic and geophilic dermatophytes infections. In addition, the intense inflammatory reaction of M gypseum infection may be triggered by activating the JNK‐JUN signalling pathway.

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“…Similar approaches were also supported by the analysis of suppression subtractive hybridization libraries, applied for the identification of novel dermatophyte genes specifically expressed by T. rubrum cells upon contact with keratin, in response to varying pH or to other environmental stimuli (Kaufman et al, 2005;Baeza et al, 2007;Maranhao et al, 2007Maranhao et al, , 2009Peres et al, 2010;Silveira et al, 2010). A comparative transcriptional analysis in the two closely related species T. tonsurans and Trichophyton equinum detected differential, species-specific expression levels of selected genes encoding secreted proteases upon growth on keratin (Preuett et al, 2010).…”

Section: Broad-scale Gene Discovery In Dermatophytes Transcriptional mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Herein, ESTs from T. rubrum grown on protein as the sole carbon and nitrogen source were analysed and used for the construction of a cDNA microarray containing at least 23 protease genes (Zaugg et al, 2009). A comparative transcriptional analysis in the two closely related species T. tonsurans and Trichophyton equinum detected differential, species-specific expression levels of selected genes encoding secreted proteases upon growth on keratin (Preuett et al, 2010). Notably, dermatophytes were shown to secrete multiple serine proteases of the subtilisin family (Sub) as well as metalloproteases of the fungalysin family (Mep) [S8 and M36 family, respectively, in the MEROPS proteolytic enzyme database (http://merops.sanger.ac.uk)].…”

Section: Broad-scale Gene Discovery In Dermatophytes Transcriptional mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic advances in dermatophytes

Grumbt¹,

Monod²,

Staib³

2011

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Millions of superficial fungal infections are annually observed in humans and animals. The majority of these mycoses are caused by dermatophytes, a specialized group of filamentous fungi that exclusively infect keratinized host structures. Despite the high prevalence of the disease, dermatophytosis, little is known about the pathogenicity mechanisms of these microorganisms. This drawback may be related to the fact that dermatophytes have been investigated poorly at the molecular level. In contrast to many other pathogenic fungi, they grow comparatively slowly under in vitro conditions, and in the last decades, only a limited number of molecular tools have been established for their manipulation. In recent years, however, major promising approaches were undertaken to improve genetic analyses in dermatophytes. These strategies include efficient systems for targeted gene inactivation and gene silencing, and broad transcriptional profiling techniques, which have even been applied in sophisticated infection models. As a fundamental prerequisite for future genetic analyses, full genome sequences of seven different dermatophyte species have become available recently. Therefore, it appeared timely to review the available molecular tools and methodologies in dermatophyte research, which may provide future insights into the virulence of these clinically important pathogens.

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Comparative analysis of secreted enzymes between the anthropophilic–zoophilic sister species Trichophyton tonsurans and Trichophyton equinum

Cited by 12 publications

References 48 publications

Dermatophyte Virulence Factors: Identifying and Analyzing Genes That May Contribute to Chronic or Acute Skin Infections

Dermatophyte Virulence Factors: Identifying and Analyzing Genes That May Contribute to Chronic or Acute Skin Infections

Differential gene expression in HaCaT cells may account for the various clinical presentation caused by anthropophilic and geophilic dermatophytes infections

Genetic advances in dermatophytes

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