Comparative analysis of the complete chloroplast genomic sequence and chemical components of Cinnamomum micranthum and Cinnamomum kanehirae

Abstract

Cinnamomum micranthum (Hayata) Hayata is a tree species that is often confused with Cinnamomum kanehirae Hayata, which is an endemic species in Taiwan and the sole natural host of the valuable medicinal fungus Antrodia cinnamomea. However, the two species are highly similar in morphology and difficult to distinguish based on traditional vegetative structures or wood anatomical methods. The aim of the present study was to identify of these two species by DNA and chemical analysis. The complete chloroplast genome of C. micranthum has been determined and compared with that of C. kanehirae. The leaf methanol extracts of these species were also analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). The length of the C. micranthum chloroplast genome was 152 675 bp, i.e. 25 bp shorter than that of C. kanehirae. In phylogenetic analysis, C. micranthum was more closely related to C. kanehirae than other six Lauracea species. Six validated insertion/deletions of bases in the DNA (InDels) are suitable for differentiation of the two species. Moreover, high amounts of linalool and sesamin were present in the leaves of C. kanehirae, but not in C. micranthum. Overall, this study provided new insight for distinguishing the two species on the basis of the chemical composition of the leaves and the InDel markers.

Plastomes of Betulaceae and phylogenetic implications

“…), and we found a visible expansion of the IR region in Corylus plastomes. Such variations and expansion of the IR region are also found in other plant groups, such as Lauraceae (Wu et al, ).…”

Complete chloroplast genome sequence of a subtropical tree, Parasassafras confertiflorum (Lauranceae)

“…The complete plastid genome sequence of P. confertiflorum and the other sequenced Lauraceae taxa including Actinodaphne trichocarpa, Alseodaphne gracilis, A. huanglianshanensis, A. semecarpifolia, Cinnamomum camphora, C. kanehirae, C. micranthum, C. verum, Laurus nobilis, Lindera benzoin, L. communis, L. glauca, L. latifolia, L. megaphylla, L. metcalfiana, L. nacusua, L. obtusiloba, L. robusta, Litsea glutinosa, Machilus balansae, M. pauhoi, M. thunbergii, M. yunnanensis, Nectandra angustifolia, Neolitsea sericea, Persea americana, Phoebe chekiangensis, P. omeiensis, P. sheareri, P. zhennan, and Sassafras tzumu (Song et al 2015(Song et al , 2016(Song et al , 2017a(Song et al , 2017b(Song et al , 2018Hinsinger and Strijk 2017;Wu et al 2017;Zhao et al 2018), formed the base to perform a phylogenetic analysis, with Endiandra globosa and E. discolor as outgroup. A maximum likelihood analysis (Tamura et al 2011) yielded a tree topology with 39-100% bootstrap (BS) values at each node.…”

Inter- and intraspecific variability of selected diarylheptanoid compounds and leaf morphometric traits in Alnus glutinosa and Alnus incana

“…In chemotaxonomic studies of plants, different methods are used [e.g. chemiresistor sensor array (Kalaw and Sevilla III 2018), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) absorption (Wang et al 2016), DNA analysis (Yu et al 2016)] as well as various chemical compounds, of which secondary metabolites are considered good chemotaxonomic markers (Nawawi et al 2016;Sartori et al 2016;Wu et al 2017). Chemotaxonomy is helpful in plant taxonomy on different hierarchical levels.…”

“…For example, Šarac et al (2013) differentiated infraspecific taxa of Pinus nigra J.F. Arnold on the basis of essential oil composition; Wu et al (2017) showed that two morphologically very similar species, Cinnamomum micranthum Hayata and Cinnamomum kanehirae Hayata, the latter being endemic to Taiwan, can be distinguished by the chemical profiles of their leaf methanol extracts, and Anderson et al (1970) revealed different resin acid distributions in several subgenera of Pinus. It is well documented that the qualitative and quantitative chemical composition in a plant depends on both genotype and environmental conditions.…”