Comparative Aspects of Mammary Tumors

Canine Mammary Epithelial Neoplasms: Biologic Implications of Morphologic Characteristics Assessed in 232 Dogs

“…In our own institution, retrospective comparison of the diagnostic categorization of mammary lesions according to our system with that of previously applied systems revealed that a number of neoplasms considered non-malignant by our classification previously had been categorized as malignant. Inclusion of a larger or smaller proportion of actually non-malignant cases in the malignant category may account for some of the differences in relative frequency of canine mammary cancer in various reported series (12,13,15,17,26,27,29,30,32]. Also, this variable can be expected to result in marked variation in the findings of studies of the biologic behavior of mammary neoplasms.…”

“…Several authors have proposed the dog as a model for human mammary neoplasia, based on many similarities that have been noted between the two species [9,12,17,[23][24][25][30][31][32][33][34]. While the numerous publications on canine mammary neoplasms, including reports emphasizing clinical characteristics and epidemiologic features, appear to conflict regarding certain observations, a consensus has evolved about many characteristics such as age, glands affected, growth rate, metastatic patterns, clinical stage, types of surgical intervention and their efficacy, and influence of ovariohysterectomy [I2- 14, 17, 24-26, 29, 31-33, 35, 37).…”

Role of progesterone metabolites in mammary cancer

“…Among the species investigated, the rate of spontaneous cancers of mammary glands is highest in humans and dogs (Hamilton, 1974;Owen, 1979). In addition, spontaneous mammary tumours are known to occur in strains of mice (Webster & Muller, 1994), rats (Russo et al 1990;Sukumar, 1995) and cats (Hamilton, 1974;Kessler & von Bombard, 1997).…”

“…Among the species investigated, the rate of spontaneous cancers of mammary glands is highest in humans and dogs (Hamilton, 1974;Owen, 1979). In addition, spontaneous mammary tumours are known to occur in strains of mice (Webster & Muller, 1994), rats (Russo et al 1990;Sukumar, 1995) and cats (Hamilton, 1974;Kessler & von Bombard, 1997). Although both oestrogen and progesterone are known to be involved in normal mammary development as well as in the proliferative changes that occur during the oestrous or menstrual cycle, pregnancy and lactation (Going et al 1988), only the role of oestradiol has been extensively investigated.…”

Understanding the role of the MYB oncogene in human breast cancer: targets and functions

“…Mammary tumours occur in humans and many mammals (Hamilton, 1974, Cassali et al, 2007. The morphology and function of the mammary gland in the human and mouse are similar, but they are potentially significant differences (Cardiff and Wellings, 1999).…”