Comparative characteristics of anthropometric indicators, level of physical and technical readiness of young players of 12 and 15 years of different playing fields

Abstract

<p><strong>Purpose</strong>: To develop model characteristics of physical and technical fitness of players of 12 and 15 years of different playing roles.</p><p><strong>Material and methods</strong>. The study was attended by football players of 12 and 15 years of sport school "Areal" Kharkiv, in which the developed technologies were applied in the educational process. In total, 23 forvards, 28 midfielders, 30 defenders and 15 goalkeepers were invited for the survey. Indicators of the running time of segments of 15 m from the course, 30 m from the course and 60 m from the course were determined; shuttle running time 5 to 20 m. Determined the length and weight of the body; Heart rate at rest and heart rate after a shuttle run. From the technical readiness indicators were determined: the time of holding the soccer ball on the foot; juggling, that is, the number of shots of the ball with the foot without losing the ball; time to run a soccer ball on a mission; goal kicks for accuracy; strikes the ball at flight range.</p><p><strong>Results.</strong> Young players of 12 and 15 years of different game specializations differ in terms of physical and technical fitness. The largest number of significant differences were found in the technical readiness of football players for 15 years. Field players at speed capabilities are significantly superior to goalkeepers. Goalkeepers, on the contrary, have lower running speeds. The level of speed endurance is relatively high for defenders and midfielders, as opposed to goalkeepers. The obtained data allowed us to build models of physical development, physical and technical readiness of players of 12 and 15 years of different playing fields, on the basis of which training programs for representatives of different playing roles can be developed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong>. The data obtained indicate the need for a differentiated approach in the training process of young football players, taking into account their playing role. The differentiated approach is more relevant at the age of 15 compared to the age of 12.</p>

Effective, accessible and easy-to-use technologies for the integral development of motor and cognitive abilities of young football players in the modern realities of Ukraine: a review article

“…"nervous system", "cognitive abilities", "intelligence" 143 sources were selected, from which 30 sources were identified for analysis. Of these sources, 6 reflect the relationship between psychophysiological and intellectual aspects of cognitive abilities and motor readiness [1-6], 4 sources reflect the development of the aspect of movement perception [7][8][9][10], and 20 articles are devoted to technologies and methods for the development of motor readiness with combined influence on various aspects of cognitive abilities [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] (Table 1).…”

“…all; Hrynchenko, et. all [7][8][9][10] Different aspects of movement perception, i.e. special sensations ("sense of the ball", "sense of the field", "sense of partners" and others) reliably (p<0.05) affect the technical skill of the players [11][12][13] Quality of cognitive activity depends on the speed of impulses that pass through the structures of the brain.…”

“…That is, players who are distinguished by a better level of physical fitness and technical skill also have better indicators of the development of psychophysiological abilities, in particular, the ability to switch attention, to concentrate, short-term memory, speed of choice reaction, etc. [7][8][9]. It should be noted that cognitive abilities have different aspects of manifestation: intellectual, psychophysiological, emotional, sensory and others.…”

“…It should be noted that cognitive abilities have different aspects of manifestation: intellectual, psychophysiological, emotional, sensory and others. The intellectual aspect involves the level of development of short-term memory, concentration and attention switching [7,8]. The psychophysiological aspect involves the development of the speed of a simple and complex reaction, registered both in the standard mode and in modes with feedback (the faster the reaction, the faster the next signal appears), the accuracy of perception of time intervals [9][10][11][12][13].…”