Comparative efficacy of antibiotic growth promoter and benzoic acid on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and indices of gut health in nursery pigs fed corn–soybean meal diet

Kiarie, E.; Voth, Conor; Wey, D.; Zhu, Cui; Vingerhoeds, P.; Borucki, S; Squires, E. J.

doi:10.1139/cjas-2018-0056

Cited by 30 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Thus, it was expected that the ATTD of CP in OA-supplemented diets would be higher than in the NC diet; however, no differences were observed in the ATTD of CP and GE in the current experiment. Although Kiarie et al (2018) reported an increased ATTD of CP in nursery pigs fed et al (2003) showed no differences in apparent ileal digestibility of CP and ATTD of DM between the diets with and without OA in weaned pigs, which are in agreement with the current study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of dietary organic acids supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and gut morphology in weaned pigs

Lee

Kim

Hall³

et al. 2022

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with different organic acid (OA) mixtures on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and gut morphology in weaned pigs. A total of 56 weaned pigs (7.93 ± 1.04 kg body weight) were assigned to four dietary treatments with seven replicates per treatment for a 35-d study conducted over two phases; phase 1 (d 1 to 14) and phase 2 (d 14 to 35). Diets consisted of 1) a corn-soybean meal-basal diet without any additive (negative control, NC); 2) NC + formic and propionic acids (TRT1); 3) NC + butyric, formic, and propionic acids (TRT2); and 4) NC + antibiotic (positive control, PC). During the overall period, the gain to feed ratio of pigs fed the PC and TRT1 diets tended to be higher (P = 0.059) than that of the NC diet. However, OA supplementation had no effects on nutrient digestibility. Jejunal villus height to crypt depth ratio was higher (P < 0.05) in pigs fed the TRT1 diet than those fed the NC diet. In conclusion, dietary OA supplementation tended to increase overall feed efficiency and improved gut morphology in weaned pigs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of dietary organic acids supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and gut morphology in weaned pigs

Lee

Kim

Hall³

et al. 2022

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…The diets were allocated based randomized complete block design to give six replicates per diet. The number of replicates were deemed adequate based on power analyses using observed variation on average daily gain (ADG) in nursery pigs reared in the test facility ( Kiarie et al, 2018 ). Based on this information, we determined that the six replicates pens will allow detection of 20–25 g/day difference in ADG between pigs fed PC and NC diets at P < 0.05 and power of 80%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative efficacy of commercially available deoxynivalenol detoxifying feed additives on growth performance, total tract digestibility of components, and physiological responses in nursery pigs fed diets formulated with naturally contaminated corn1

Mwaniki

Buis²,

Trott³

et al. 2021

Translational Animal Science

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Comparative efficacy of deoxynivalenol (DON) detoxifying feed additives (FA) was evaluated in growth performance (Exp. 1) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) (Exp. 2) nursery pig studies. Six corn-soybean-meal based diets were used: 1) positive control (PC, formulated with <1.5 ppm DON corn), negative control (NC, formulated with 5.5 ppm DON corn), NC+FA1 (clay plus yeast cell wall extract), NC+FA2 (aluminosilicate), NC+FA3 (aluminosilicate plus fungal extract), and NC+FA4 (Sodium metabisulfite, SMB). In Exp. 1, 144 pigs [(Body weight (BW), 10.2±0.1kg)] were housed (4 pigs/pen), allocated to diets (n=6) based on BW, and fed for 4-wk. The BW and feed intake were monitored weekly. On d 7, one pig/pen was bled for plasma and euthanized for organ weight and tissue samples. Assayed DON concentration in PC, NC, NC+FA4 was 0.29, 2.86 and 1.21 ppm, respectively. In wk-1, the ADG of pigs fed NC+FA4 was not different (P>0.05) to that of pigs fed PC diet but greater (P=0.01) than for pigs fed NC without or with other FA. Pigs fed NC and NC+FA2 had lower (P=0.026) ADFI than pigs fed PC and NC+FA3. Pigs fed NC+FA4 had greater (P=0.003) G:F than pigs fed the other diets. Diets had no effect (P>0.05) on ADG, ADFI, and G: F after first week, plasma concentration of urea and creatinine or liver and spleen weight. Pigs fed NC diets had greater (P=0.01) jejunal mRNA expression of superoxide dismutase 1 relative to pigs fed PC or NC plus FA. Jejunal histomorphology and mRNA expression of nutrient transporters, inflammatory cytokines and tight junction proteins and ceca digesta concentration of short chain fatty acids were not affected (P>0.05) by the diet. In Exp. 2, 24 barrows (BW 10.2 ± 0.3 kg) were individually placed in metabolism crates and allocated to four diets: PC, NC, NC+FA3 and NC+FA4 (n=6) containing TiO2 as digestibility marker. Pigs were adjusted to diets for 5 d, followed by a 2-d grab fecal sample collection. Pigs fed PC and NC+FA4 diets had higher ATTD of dry matter, gross energy, and crude protein than NC fed pigs. The FA3 was intermediate in digestibility response. In conclusion, feed additives containing sequestering component plus fungal extract or SMB in DON-contaminated feed resulted in commensurate nursery pig performance to PC. The tested feed additives mitigated intestinal oxidative stress through decreased expression of genes for superoxide dismutase.

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“…It follows that at weaning, the piglet not only loses lactose induced acidity but the ensuing anorexia exacerbate the ability of physiologically immature gut to produce enough HCl to keep stomach pH at an optimum of 3.5 (8, 9). Furthermore, diets fed to young pigs often have a high buffering capacity, which can further reduce stomach acidity (57–59). At low gastric pH, digestion of protein and populations of beneficial bacteria ( lactobacilli ) are maximized and harmful bacteria such as enterotoxigenic E. coli are inhibited (8, 9, 58).…”

Section: Impact On Gut Microbial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Feed Processing on Gut Health and Function in Pigs and Poultry: Conundrum of Optimal Particle Size and Hydrothermal Regimens

Kiarie

Mills

2019

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The aim is to give an overview of available literature data on the role of feed processing on gut health and function with specific focus on particle size and hydrothermal processing. In addition, influence of feed processing on efficacy of exogenous feed enzymes will be discussed. The current feed processing technologies are such that ingredient choices and diet form are refined to improve feed intake and nutrient utilization efficiency. Finer feed particle size enables optimal nutrient utilization and enhances animal performance due to increased surface area allowing better contact with digestive enzymes. Moreover, adequate diminution of feed ingredients is beneficial to feed manufacturing processes such as mixing and hydrothermal treatments including pelleting, extrusion, and expansion. However, emerging trends in consumer and regulatory demands for restriction or cessation of animal production practices such as use of antimicrobial growth promoters are challenging current approaches to feed processing. There is limit as to the fineness of the particle size, as very fine particles negatively affect gut health due to higher incidences of stomach ulceration in pigs and gizzard dysfunction in poultry. Coarse particle size increases stomach and hindgut acidification which may be beneficial in controlling proliferation of enteric pathogens such as salmonella and E. coli . Optimal particle size could be designed in the grinding process using roller or hammer mill. However, since most commercial pigs and poultry diets are subjected to hydrothermal processes, additional reduction of feed particle size is inevitable. The need to achieve high physical quality and to reduce potential levels of feed-borne pathogens such as Salmonella has led to the application of relatively high conditioning temperatures during conventional hydrothermal processes, a practice that does not favor high nutrient utilization and stability of heat sensitive feed additives such as feed enzymes. Therefore, with evolving pig and poultry production practices, the regimens for feed processing will no longer be appreciated only in terms of optimizing nutrients utilization, but also in terms of impact on feed hygienic status, efficacy of feed additives, animal health, and food safety.

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Comparative efficacy of antibiotic growth promoter and benzoic acid on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and indices of gut health in nursery pigs fed corn–soybean meal diet

Cited by 30 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of dietary organic acids supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and gut morphology in weaned pigs

Effect of dietary organic acids supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and gut morphology in weaned pigs

Comparative efficacy of commercially available deoxynivalenol detoxifying feed additives on growth performance, total tract digestibility of components, and physiological responses in nursery pigs fed diets formulated with naturally contaminated corn1

Role of Feed Processing on Gut Health and Function in Pigs and Poultry: Conundrum of Optimal Particle Size and Hydrothermal Regimens

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