Comparative efficacy of new commercial pediculicides against adults and eggs of Pediculus humanus capitis (head lice)

Abstract

The use of pyrethroids to control head louse infestations have suffered considerable loss of efficacy due to the development of resistance. In the last past years, several new alternative products to synthetic pyrethroids have been developed and are sold in the Argentinean market against head lice. The present study investigated the efficacy of two new Argentinean products Nopucid Qubit® and Nopucid Bio Citrus® and its comparison with two reference products Nyda® and Hedrin®. Nopucid Qubit® is a two-phase lotion containing geraniol and citronellol (phase 1) and ciclopentaxiloxane (phase 2); while Nopucid Bio Citrus® contains dimethicone, ciclopentaxiloxane, and bergamot essential oil. These products are physically acting compounds. The sensitivity of two laboratory assays for testing insecticide activity of new formulations was also compared. Mortality (100%) of motile forms occurred after they were exposed to any product for 1 and 2 min, either by in vitro or ex vivo test. Concerning ovicidal activity, the most effective pediculicides were Nopucid Bio Citrus® and Nyda®, followed by Hedrin® and Nopucid Qubit®. The present study revealed, for the first time, the efficacy of over-the-counter commercial pediculicides available in Argentine (Nopucid Bio Citrus® and Nopucid Qubit®) on either motile stages or eggs against head lice.

Novel polymeric micelles for insect pest control: encapsulation of essential oil monoterpenes inside a triblock copolymer shell for head lice control

“…However, the addition of monoterpenes enhances the mortality of the formulations. The mortality of adults and eggs associated with the use of EOCs has been previously observed for similar under different experimental conditions and formulations (Toloza, Vassena & Picollo, 2008; Gonzalez-Audino et al, 2011; Gallardo & Mougabure-Cueto, 2012). …”

“…The adulticidal and third-stage nymph activity was assessed using an ex vivo immersion test (Gallardo & Mougabure-Cueto, 2012). The ex vivo test consisted in the fully immersion of different batches of at least 10–15 lice deposited in a lid of a Petri dish (diameter 5.5 cm) during 5 min in 2 mL of the different prepared emulsions.…”

Ex vivo effectiveness of French over-the-counter products against head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer, 1778)

“…The assay was performed in respect of the manufacturer recommendations on a laboratory colony of body lice (P. humanus humanus) and their eggs. In other similar studies, the contact time in the assay differed from the contact time recommended by the manufacturer (Meinking et al 1986;Meinking et al 2001;Heukelbach et al 2008aHeukelbach et al , 2009Abdel-Ghaffar 2010;Gallardo et al 2012).…”

Scanning Electron Microscopic Study on the Head Lice Eggs Detected in Korean Children

“…opposite to the scalp (Burkhart & Burkhart, 2005). Many studies have been reported about the disinfestation of head lice, as well as infection status surveys and the composition of the nit sheath (Hunter & Barker, 2003;Elston, 2005;Clark, 2009;Lee et al, 2009;Oh et al, 2010;Gallardo et al, 2012). However, studies on the morphological characteristics of eggs have been insufficient.…”