Comparative Epidermal Ultrastructure of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Leaf, Bract and Capsule Wall

Bondada, Bhaskar R.; Oosterhuis, Derrick M.

doi:10.1006/anbo.2000.1283

Cited by 42 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…There are several physiological studies of photosynthesis in non-foliar organs in cotton (Wullschleger and Oosterhuis 1990;Bondada et al 1994;Bondada and Oosterhuis 2000); however, the contribution of non-foliar organs to yield is still not well quantified. In blueberry fruit (Vaccinium ashei Reade), Birkhold et al (1992) estimated that photosynthesis contributes about 15% of the total carbohydrate required for fruit growth.…”

Section: Contribution Of Photosynthesis In Non-foliar Green Organs Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the photosynthetic capacity of non-foliar organs of cotton has been analyzed by the gas exchange technique or in an anatomical investigation (Wullschleger and Oosterhuis 1990;Bondada et al 1994;Bondada and Oosterhuis 2000), there is little information about the activities of carbon fixation enzymes in cotton, as has been studied in the ear of wheat (Singal et al 1986;Li et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Important photosynthetic contribution from the non-foliar green organs in cotton at the late growth stage

Zhang

Luo

et al. 2011

Planta

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Non-foliar green organs are recognized as important carbon sources after leaves. However, the contribution of each organ to total yield has not been comprehensively studied in relation to the time-course of changes in surface area and photosynthetic activity of different organs at different growth stages. We studied the contribution of leaves, main stem, bracts and capsule wall in cotton by measuring their time-course of surface area development, O(2) evolution capacity and photosynthetic enzyme activity. Because of the early senescence of leaves, non-foliar organs increased their surface area up to 38.2% of total at late growth stage. Bracts and capsule wall showed less ontogenetic decrease in O(2) evolution capacity per area and photosynthetic enzyme activity than leaves at the late growth stage. The total capacity for O(2) evolution of stalks and bolls (bracts plus capsule wall) was 12.7 and 23.7% (total ca. 36.4%), respectively, as estimated by multiplying their surface area by their O(2) evolution capacity per area. We also kept the bolls (from 15 days after anthesis) or main stem (at the early full bolling stage) in darkness for comparison with non-darkened controls. Darkening the bolls and main stem reduced the boll weight by 24.1 and 9%, respectively, and the seed weight by 35.9 and 16.3%, respectively. We conclude that non-foliar organs significantly contribute to the yield at the late growth stage.

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Section: Contribution Of Photosynthesis In Non-foliar Green Organs Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Important photosynthetic contribution from the non-foliar green organs in cotton at the late growth stage

Zhang

Luo

et al. 2011

Planta

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“…In contrast to this, experimental data are lacking on photosynthetic gas exchange. However, evidence that in other plants like cotton certain organs (Bondada and Oosterhuis 2000), in particular the bracts of the floral bud, may participate in gas-exchange activities, renders this aspect worthy of study in the case of G. flavum. Thus, the aims of the present study were: (1) compare the physiological responses of bracts and rosette leaves; (2) examine chloroplast ultrastructure of both leaf types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Physiological characterization of photosynthesis, chloroplast ultrastructure, and nutrient content in bracts and rosette leaves from Glaucium flavum

Redondo‐Gómez¹,

Mateos‐Naranjo²,

Moreno³

2010

Photosynt.

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Glaucium flavum is a biennial plant that bears a rosette of leaves, producing a flower stalk, bracteate monochasium, in its second year. The aims of this work were both to investigate the contribution of bracts to gas-exchange activities in this species and to compare this contribution to that of rosette leaves. In addition, we investigated the extent to which its responses can be explained by chloroplast ultrastructure, as well as the possible role of nutrient concentrations in the physiological responses of both leaf types. Gas exchange and plant characteristics regarding chlorophyll fluorescence were examined in a field experiment; we also determined leaf relative water content, tissue concentrations of photosynthetic pigments, chloroplast ultrastructure and nutrient contents. Although bracts indeed contributed to gasexchange activities of G. flavum, rosette leaves showed higher values of net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance to CO 2 for photosynthetic photon flux density above 200 µmol m -2 s -1 . The incongruities in photosynthetic rates between bracts and leaves may be explained by the bigger chloroplasts of rosette leaves, which results in a larger membrane surface area. This agrees with the higher pigment concentrations and quantum efficiency of photosystem II values recorded as well for rosette leaves. On the other hand, bracts showed higher sodium concentrations, which could be a mechanism for salt tolerance of G. flavum.

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“…Biotic factors include stomatal density, stomatal radius aperture, and stomatal length diffusion whereas the main abiotic parameters considered are light and water availability. In addition to stomatal characteristics, other epidermal surface features, such as shape and number of the epidermal cells, trichomes, and waxes, may deeply modify gas exchange fluxes (Bondada and Oosterhuis, 2000). For instance, greater stomatal occlusion by wax would reduce water loss after stomatal closure delaying severe water stress (Pallardy and Kozlowski, 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Morphology of Leaf Epidermis in Eight Populations of Atlas Pistachio (Pistacia atlantica Desf., Anacardiaceae)

Belhadj

Derridj

Aigouy³

et al. 2007

Microscopy Res & Technique

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A comparative analysis was undertaken to conduct a micromorphological study of Pistacia atlantica leaves by comparing different populations grown under different climatic conditions. Leaf epidermis of eight wild populations was investigated under scanning electron microscope. Micromorphological characteristics (epidermis ornament, stomata type, waxes as well as trichomes) of the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces were examined. The epidermis ornament varied among populations and leaf surface, the abaxial leaf surface is reticulate with a striate surface. Messaad site shows a smooth uneven surface. The adaxial leaf surface is smooth but several ornamentations can be seen. The leaflet is amphistomatic; the stomata appeared to be slightly sunken. A variety of stomatal types were recorded; actinocytic and anomocytic types are the most frequent. The indumentum consisted of glandular and nonglandular trichomes. Unicellular glandular trichomes are recorded for P. atlantica leaves in this study. Their density is higher in Oued safene site, located at the highest altitude in comparison with the other populations. The wax occurred in all the sites and its pattern varied according to the populations studied, particularly between Berriane and Messaad. The morphological variability exhibited by the eight populations of P. atlantica may be interpreted as relevant to the ecological plasticity and the physiological mechanisms involved are discussed in this report. Microsc. Res. Tech. 70:837-846, 2007. V

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Comparative Epidermal Ultrastructure of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Leaf, Bract and Capsule Wall

Cited by 42 publications

References 42 publications

Important photosynthetic contribution from the non-foliar green organs in cotton at the late growth stage

Important photosynthetic contribution from the non-foliar green organs in cotton at the late growth stage

Physiological characterization of photosynthesis, chloroplast ultrastructure, and nutrient content in bracts and rosette leaves from Glaucium flavum

Comparative Morphology of Leaf Epidermis in Eight Populations of Atlas Pistachio (Pistacia atlantica Desf., Anacardiaceae)

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