Comparative Evaluation of Bioactive Materials and Their Nano-Counterpart as Pulp Capping Agents in Dogs’ Teeth

Abstract

Introduction: Direct pulp-capping is an alternative procedure to extraction or endodontic therapy, in which a medicament is placed directly over the exposed pulp to maintain pulp vitality and facilitate the formation of protective barrier. Aim of study: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the histological response of dog's pulp after direct pulp capping with 3 different materials; MTA, Bioactive glass, CEM and their nanoparticles, at 1 month and 3 month time intervals. Materials & Methods: A total of 112 teeth in 8 dogs were used for this study, where 96 teeth were pulp capped with the investigated materials and 16 teeth were serving as negative control. The 14 teeth of each dog were classified into 6 experimental groups and one control (2 teeth each) as follows

Histopathological Changes after Direct Pulp Capping in Dogs with Bioactive Glass Incorporated in Resin Composite and Adhesive

“…Their mean age was 20.66±0.88 months, the mean weights were 20.29±0.45 kg. Maxillary and mandibular canines, second, third, fourth premolars and first molar teeth were selected for the treatment with a total of 40 teeth (8) .…”

“…A new bur was used for every fourth tooth to ensure cutting efficiency. Pulp exposure was performed in the middle of the cavity floor using a round carbide bur # 1 (8) . Fig 1 (a and b) Immediately after pulp exposure, dentin chips were washed out with sterile saline solution and light pressure with sterile cotton pellets was used until haemostasis occurred (17) .…”

“…The nanoparticulate form of bioactive glass (BGNs) has better bioactivity and higher ability to enhance dentin mineralization process compared to normal sized particles (7) . It was also found that nanoparticles exhibit better mechanical properties and have more ability to penetrate into dentinal tubules which improve the poor adhesion qualities of different dental pulp capping materials compared to normal sized particles (8) . In the past two decades extensive research on bioactive and remineralizing resin composites based on bioactive glass (BG) indicates their attractiveness as a possible solution for the prevention of secondary caries which is considered one of the primary causes of failure of contemporary composite restorations (9) .…”