Comparative evaluation of superoxide dismutase, alpha-tocopherol, and 10% sodium ascorbate on reversal of shear bond strength of bleached enamel: An in vitro study

Abstract

Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the neutralizer effect of antioxidant agents on the bond strength of bleached enamel.Materials and Methods:Sixty enamel slabs were prepared from 60 freshly extracted maxillary central incisors and were divided into six groups. The negative control group received no bleaching treatment and the other groups were bleached with 35% carbamide peroxide (Opalescence Quick; Ultradent, South Jordan, USA). In Group II, composite was built immediately after bleaching and cured without any antioxidants. In Group III, bleached specimens received composite build ups delayed by 1 week. In Groups IV, V, and VI bleached specimens received applications of superoxide dismutase (SOD), sodium ascorbate (SA), and tocopherol solutions, respectively, for 10 min. Following composite bonding, the micro shear bond strength (μSBS) was measured at a speed of 1 mm/min in universal testing machine.Statistical Analysis Used:The μSBS values of all the groups were analyzed using the analysis of variance followed by Tukey honestly significant difference post-hoc test.Results:Bonding of composites to unbleached group (Group I) exhibited the highest mean SBS values and among the antioxidant-treated groups, the highest SBS values were seen with SOD (Group IV) treated samples (23.0040 ± 4.30565 MPa).Conclusions:Application of SA, alpha-tocopherol, and SOD can effectively reverse the bond strength with bleached enamel. SOD gave a comparatively more promising reversal of bond strength than SA and alpha-tocopherol, and deserves further studies.

Effect of Two Antioxidants Agents on Microtensile Bond Strength to Bleached Enamel

“…Aiming to reduce this time interval, the antioxidant products were introduced as an interesting strategy since they can remove or reduce the residual oxygen (8,9). Sodium ascorbate is one of the most studied antioxidants, however, despite its efficiency (7,8,(10)(11)(12), there is still controversy regarding its action mechanisms (9). In addition, Ozelin et.…”

Influence of Prolonged Bleaching with 4% Hydrogen Peroxide Containing Calcium and Different Storage Times on the Bond Strength to Enamel

“…This waiting period may vary, according to the bleaching gel concentration and time established for the bleaching procedure. 7,8,19 This phenomenon may have influenced the reduction in bond strength values in G4 (9.22 MPa) relative to the control group (14.61 MPa). This 36.8% difference was statistically significant and demonstrates that 24 hours of post-bleaching storage in AS is not enough for the oxygen release, especially after 28 days of bleaching.…”

“…Some studies have suggested there is an adhesive reduction when restorative procedures are performed following a bleaching procedure. 6,8 There is a lack of studies focussed on the influence of extended bleaching on the bond strength of restorative materials to enamel. Therefore, the aim of this in vitro study was to determine the influence of 4% hydrogen peroxide with calcium on enamel bond strength under different gel exposing times, as well as dissimilar storage periods after bleaching.…”

Influência do tempo de aplicação do bicarbonato de sódio a 10% na adesão ao esmalte bovino clareado: estudo <i>in vitro</i>

“…Alguns autores afirmam que este procedimento altera a superfície do esmalte enquanto outros defendem a ideia de que o oxigênio residual da reação de clareamento interfere na adesão ao substrato (COTTON;WILKINSON, 1972;SMITH, 1988;HEYMANN, 1991;DISHMAN;COVEY;BAUGHAN, 1994;GREGUS;KLAASSEN, 1995;MURAGUCHI et al, 2007;MINOUX;SERFATY, 2008;SULIEMAN, 2008;BITTENCOURT et al, 2010;BRISO et al, 2012). Levando em consideração a segunda hipótese, algumas estratégias vêm sendo estudadas com o intuito de remover o oxigênio residual precocemente e melhorar a adesão em dentes clareados, dentre as quais destacam-se as substâncias antioxidantes (LAI et al, 2001;TURKUN, 2003;KOGA;BORGES, 2006;MURAGUCHI et al, 2007;SASAKI;FLÓRIO;BASTING, 2009;GARRIDO, 2011;GARCIA et al, 2012;TOSTES et al, 2013;BERGER et al, 2013;ALENCAR et al, 2016;KAVITHA et. al, 2016).…”

“…Diante disto, no presente trabalho, optou-se por avaliar o bicarbonato de sódio por ser uma substância de fácil obtenção, uma vez que acompanha a maioria dos kits de clareamento (TOSTES et al, 2013;ALENCAR et al, 2016). De acordo com a literatura, dentre os testes que avaliam o comportamento das restaurações adesivas em esmalte clareado, destacam-se o teste de cisalhamento (KIMYAI;VALIZADEH 2006;KOGA;BORGES, 2006;MURAGUCHI et al 2007;GÖKÇE et al 2008;TÜRKÜN;ARICI, 2008;SASAKI;FLÓRIO;BASTING, 2009;AGHELINEJAD, 2011;MAZAHERI et al, 2011;SHARAFEDDIN;FARSHAD, 2015;KAVITHA et al, 2016) e microtração (LAI et al, 2002ARCARI et al, 2007;CHUANG et al, 2009;BARCELLOS et al, 2010;LAGO, DE FREITAS;NETTO, 2011;ROCHA GOMES TORRES et al, 2012;OZELIN et al, 2014;ALENCAR et al, 2016 , 2014;LOGUERCIO et al, 2015;CARDENAS et al, 2016). Isso se deve ao fato de que os monômeros acídicos presentes na sua composição não serem capazes de produzir um padrão de condicionamento tão retentivo como o obtido através do uso do ácido fosfórico (HANNING et al, 2002;PERDIGÃO E GERALDELI, 2003;VAN LANDUYT et al, 2007, CARDENAS et al, 2016.…”