Comparative flight behavior of parasitoids <i>Campoletis sonorensis</i> and <i>Microplitis croceipes</i>

Elzen, G. W.; Williams, Howard J.; Vinson, S. Bradleigh; Powell, Janine E.

doi:10.1111/j.1570-7458.1987.tb01078.x

Cited by 46 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Odor from H. virescens larvae did not trigger flight behavior of M. croceipes in wind tunnel and olfactometer studies (Eller et al, 1988;Rotheray, 1981), in contrast to the finding by Elzen et al (1987) that H. virescens larvae were attractive to the HeIiothis parasitoids, C. sonorensis and M. croceipes; Thorpe & Jones (1937), Monteith (1955), Mossadegh (1980), Nettles (1980), and the present study demonstrated host attraction to parasitoids.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Responses of Microplitis croceipes to host and nonhost plants of Heliothis virescens in a wind tunnel

Navasero¹,

Elzen²

1989

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The relative attractiveness of velvet leaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medicus), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) (host plants) and groundcherry (Physalis angulata L.) (nonhost plant), and cotton plants with or without nectaries and with or without glands to Microplitis croceipes Cresson (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) was determined in a wind tunnel. Female parasitoids flew significantly more to glandless than to glanded cotton; response to nectaried and nectariless cotton was similar. Velvet leaf and cotton were favored significantly over groundcherry; parasitoids being equally responsive to both host plant species. Addition of larval frass alone or in combination with host larvae significantly improved the attractivity of the nonhost plant (groundcherry) to the parasitoids. There was no difference in attractiveness of groundcherry terminals with or without host larvae. Parasitoid search time was significantly increased with addition of larval frass. In the presence of cotton, however, kairomone-treated groundcherry remained unattractive.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Responses of Microplitis croceipes to host and nonhost plants of Heliothis virescens in a wind tunnel

Navasero¹,

Elzen²

1989

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…3). Several other parasitoid species have also been shown to be attracted to odors from undamaged plants that support their hosts, including the aphid parasitoid Aphidius funebris Mackauer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), which responded to uninfested Centaurea nigra L. (Asteraceae) (Pareja et al, 2007), and the lepidopteran parasitoids Microplitis croceipes and Campoletis sonorensis, which responded to cotton plant volatiles (Elzen et al, 1986(Elzen et al, , 1987. Here, we showed conclusively that specific maize sesquiterpene volatiles are involved in this attraction to undamaged plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…Much less is known about the role of constitutively emitted volatiles in plant indirect defense, as these rarely have been studied separately from the herbivore-induced ones. Attraction of herbivore enemies to uninfested plants has been documented for some aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) (reviewed by Hatano et al, 2008) and for two lepidopteran parasitoids (Elzen et al, 1986(Elzen et al, , 1987.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attractiveness of Constitutive and Herbivore-Induced Sesquiterpene Blends of Maize to the Parasitic Wasp Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson)

et al. 2011

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Plant volatile compounds induced by herbivore attack have been demonstrated to provide a signal to herbivore enemies such as parasitic wasps that use these volatiles to locate their hosts. However, in addition to herbivore-induced volatiles, plants often release volatiles constitutively. We assessed the interaction between herbivore-induced and constitutively released volatiles of maize in the attraction of the wasp Cotesia marginiventris that parasitizes herbivorous lepidopteran larvae feeding on maize. Experiments were carried out with olfactometers in which the sources of volatiles were transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants overexpressing maize sesquiterpene synthases that produce blends of herbivore-induced or constitutive compounds. We found that the constitutive volatiles of maize terpene synthase 8 (TPS8) were attractive to C. marginiventris, just like the herbivore-induced volatiles of TPS10 studied earlier. A mixture of both the TPS8 and TPS10 volatile blends, however, was more effective in parasitoid attraction, indicating that constitutively released sesquiterpenes enhance the attraction of those induced by herbivores. While C. marginiventris did not distinguish among the volatiles of TPS8, TPS10, nor those of another maize sesquiterpene synthase (TPS5), when these blends were combined, their attractiveness to the wasp appeared to increase with the complexity of the blend.

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“…Additionally, insect flight can be affected by other abiotic factors that are important under field conditions, for example wind patterns and light (Juillet 1964;Elzen et al 1987;Messing et al 1997;Blackmer and Cross 2001;Gu and Dorn 2001). Additionally, visual and olfactory cues determined parasitoid foraging processes, such as habitat and host location (Wackers and Lewis 1994;Jang et al 2000;Pinto et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Flight potential of Microplitis mediator, a parasitoid of various lepidopteran pests

Zhang

et al. 2008

BioControl

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The efficacy of using natural enemies to control pests under field conditions largely depends on their mobility and, more specifically, on their capacity to quickly locate pest infestation. For many natural enemies, for example parasitoids, mobility is directly related to flight aptitude, which is determined by the capacity and inclination of a species to engage in flight. In this study, we determined the various factors that affected flight performance of Microplitis mediator (Haliday) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), using a computer-monitored flight mill. No differences were found in flight performance (i.e., flight distance, duration, speed) between both sexes of M. mediator, and flight capacity increased up to an age of 5-7 days followed by a gradual decline afterwards. For one-day-old female parasitoids, mean (±SE) flight distance and duration were 6.23 ± 0.88 km and 85.15 ± 14.44 min, respectively, with a maximum flight distance of 18.0 km. For male parasitoids, mean flight distance and duration were 5.27 ± 0.51 km and 85.74 ± 7.63 min, respectively. Mating status did not affect flight performance of males, while flight distance of four-day-old ovipositing M. mediator females was much lower than that of un-mated females of the same age. Un-mated adults flew most actively at 22-24°C and inclination to fly gradually declined with decreasing temperature. Temperatures above 26°C considerably reduced flight activity of M. mediator. Wasps engaged in normal flight under a broad range of relative humidity (RH) conditions, with an optimum RH range identified as 75-90%. Our research shows that M. mediator is a highly active parasitoid, because both sexes show great inclination to fly under a range of environmental conditions and flight capacity at different ages. Our results can help explain parasitoid performance in the field and provide baseline information to help guide augmentative releases.

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Comparative flight behavior of parasitoids Campoletis sonorensis and Microplitis croceipes

Cited by 46 publications

References 19 publications

Responses of Microplitis croceipes to host and nonhost plants of Heliothis virescens in a wind tunnel

Responses of Microplitis croceipes to host and nonhost plants of Heliothis virescens in a wind tunnel

Attractiveness of Constitutive and Herbivore-Induced Sesquiterpene Blends of Maize to the Parasitic Wasp Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson)

Flight potential of Microplitis mediator, a parasitoid of various lepidopteran pests

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