Comparative genome analysis of IncHI2 VIM-1 carbapenemase-encoding plasmids of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolated from a livestock farm in Germany

Complete Sequences of Multiple-Drug Resistant IncHI2 ST3 Plasmids in Escherichia coli of Porcine Origin in Australia

“…Plasmids of the incompatibility group HI2 (IncHI2) have been linked with the carriage of tellurium resistance, plus a broad range of antimicrobial resistance genes, including bla IMP, bla NDM, and bla VIM (carbapenemase resistance) (Abraham et al, 2016;Dolejska et al, 2016;Falgenhauer et al, 2017), bla CTX−M (Garcia Fernandez et al, 2007), mcr-1 (plasmid-mediated colistin resistance) (Gilrane et al, 2017;Li et al, 2017;Zheng et al, 2017), oqxAB and aac(6')-Ib-cr (plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance) (Fang et al, 2016), and resistance genes effective against first generation antibiotics and disinfectants (Cain et al, 2010;Cain and Hall, 2012;Abraham et al, 2016;Dolejska et al, 2016;Gilrane et al, 2017). Notably, clinically-important resistance genes have been associated with IncHI2 plasmids that also encode resistance to copper, zinc and, arsenic residues (Fang et al, 2016).…”

Characterization of a Novel IncHI2 Plasmid Carrying Tandem Copies of bla CTX-M-2 in a fosA6 -Harboring Escherichia coli Sequence Type 410 Strain

“…KT347600.1) (15), bla VIM (accession no. LN555650.1) (16), bla IMP , armA, qnrA, oqxAB, fosA3, and mcr-1 (12,(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). So far, no IncHI2 plasmid carrying bla CTX-M-2 has been characterized fully.…”

Genetic characterization of two fully sequenced multi-drug resistant plasmids pP10164-2 and pP10164-3 from Leclercia adecarboxylata

“…In R478, the silver and copper resistance gene clusters, called sil and cop respectively, are located adjacently and associated with an upstream Tn 7 -like core transposition module tnsABCD . Similar tnsABCD-sil - cop structures are widely found in IncHI2 plasmids such as pMRVIM0813 (accession number KP975077), pSTm-A54650 (LK056646), pKST313 14 and pRH-R27 31 , although considerable variations in both genetic content and nucleotide sequence are observed among different plasmids. Similarly, a multi-heavy metal resistance region IS Kpn19 -∆IS Ppu12 - sil - IS 1R - orf1623 - ∆cop - rcn is found in the pP10164-2 MDR-2 region: compared with the prototype tnsABCD-sil - cop structure, IS Kpn19 -∆IS Ppu12 replaces tnsABCD , the insertion of IS 1R - orf1623 (putative metal-dependent hydrolase)-IS 903D between sil and cop marked the truncation of cop into ∆copS - copE , and a rcn locus (encoding the RcnA efflux pump responsible for nickel/cobalt detoxification and the rcnA repressor RcnR) is added immediately downstream of ∆copS - copE .…”

“…The In 2670 backbone consists of two IS 1 elements flanking a 1.5 kb central region that harbors the amphenicol resistance gene catA1 and the ybjA gene encoding putative acetyl transferase 30 . ∆Tn 2670 from the pP10164-2 MDR-2 region resembles the In 2670 backbone but lacks the right terminal IS 1 and, notably, similar structures are found in other IncHI2 plasmids such as pRH-R27 31 and in the chromosomally located resistance island AbaR1 and its derivatives from Acinetobacter baumannii 32 .…”

“…Similarly, a multi-heavy metal resistance region IS Kpn19 -∆IS Ppu12 - sil - IS 1R - orf1623 - ∆cop - rcn is found in the pP10164-2 MDR-2 region: compared with the prototype tnsABCD-sil - cop structure, IS Kpn19 -∆IS Ppu12 replaces tnsABCD , the insertion of IS 1R - orf1623 (putative metal-dependent hydrolase)-IS 903D between sil and cop marked the truncation of cop into ∆copS - copE , and a rcn locus (encoding the RcnA efflux pump responsible for nickel/cobalt detoxification and the rcnA repressor RcnR) is added immediately downstream of ∆copS - copE . Notably, the IncHI2 plasmid pRH-R27 31 carries a very similar structure from ∆IS Ppu12 to rcn with further insertion of a fragment composed of three hypothetical ORFs between IS 1R and orf1623 31 . The MDR-2 region of pP10164-2 and the corresponding MDR region of pRH-R27 31 are genetically related and might share a much more recent ancestor, although they contains dramatically different sets of resistance genes upstream of the ∆IS Ppu12 to rcn region.…”