Comparative genome analysis of the α-proteobacteria: Relationships between plant and animal pathogens and host specificity

Tsolis, Renée M.

doi:10.1073/pnas.212508599

Cited by 75 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Brucella spp. are α-proteobacteria that are closely related to Sinorhizobium meliloti and invade mammalian cells, causing brucellosis 159 . Both Brucella spp.…”

Section: Box 3 Host Invasion Parallels Between Rhizobia and Animal Pamentioning

confidence: 99%

How rhizobial symbionts invade plants: the Sinorhizobium–Medicago model

et al. 2007

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Nitrogen-fixing rhizobial bacteria and leguminous plants have evolved complex signal exchange mechanisms that allow a specific bacterial species to induce its host plant to form invasion structures through which the bacteria can enter the plant root. Once the bacteria have been endocytosed within a host-membrane-bound compartment by root cells, the bacteria differentiate into a new form that can convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia. Bacterial differentiation and nitrogen fixation are dependent on the microaerobic environment and other support factors provided by the plant. In return, the plant receives nitrogen from the bacteria, which allows it to grow in the absence of an external nitrogen source. Here, we review recent discoveries about the mutual recognition process that allows the model rhizobial symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti to invade and differentiate inside its host plant alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and the model host plant barrel medic (Medicago truncatula).The recent completion of the Sinorhizobium meliloti genome sequence, and the progress towards the completion of the Medicago truncatula genome sequence, have led to a surge in the molecular characterization of the determinants that are involved in the development of the symbiosis between rhizobial bacteria and leguminous plants. Aromatic compounds from legumes called flavonoids first signal the rhizobial bacteria to produce lipochitooligosaccharide compounds called Nod factors 1 . Nod factors that are secreted by the bacteria activate multiple responses in the host plant that prepare the plant to receive the invading bacteria. Nod factors and symbiotic exopolysaccharides induce the plant to form infection threads, which are thin tubules filled with bacteria that penetrate into the plant cortical tissue and deliver the bacteria to their target cells. Plant cells in the inner cortex internalize the invading bacteria in host-membrane-bound compartments that mature into structures known Correspondence to G.C.W. gwalker@mit.edu. Competing interests statementThe authors declare no competing financial interests. DATABASES Invasion of plant rootsAlthough plant roots are exposed to various micro-organisms in the soil, their cell walls form a strong protective barrier against most harmful species. The early steps in the invasion of barrel medic (M. truncatula) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) roots by S. meliloti are characterized by the reciprocal exchange of signals that allow the bacteria to use the plant root hair cells as a means of entry. Initial signal exchangeFlavonoid compounds (2-phenyl-1,4-benzopyrone derivatives) produced by leguminous plants are the first signals to be exchanged by host-rhizobial symbiont pairs 1 (FIG. 1). Flavonoids bind bacterial NodD proteins, which are members of the LysR family of transcriptional regulators, and activate these proteins to induce the transcription of rhizobial genes 1,2 . For example, the M. sativa-derived flavonoid luteolin stimulates binding of an active form of NodD1 to an S. meliloti 'nod-box' p...

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“…Brucella spp. are α-proteobacteria that are closely related to Sinorhizobium meliloti and invade mammalian cells, causing brucellosis 159 . Both Brucella spp.…”

Section: Box 3 Host Invasion Parallels Between Rhizobia and Animal Pamentioning

confidence: 99%

How rhizobial symbionts invade plants: the Sinorhizobium–Medicago model

et al. 2007

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“…In Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria like Vibrio, the outer membrane plays an important role in the infection and pathogenicity to host [10]. In the outer membrane, proteins have a crucial role during many cellular and physiological processes [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Outer Membrane Proteins Altered in Response to UVC-Radiation in Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus

et al. 2012

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Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus, marine foodborne pathogens, were treated with UVCradiation (240 J/m 2 ) to evaluate alterations in their outer membrane protein profiles. Outer membrane protein patterns of UVC-irradiated bacteria were found altered when analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Altered proteins were identified by mass spectrometry (MS and MS/MS) and analysis revealed that OmpW, OmpA, Long-chain fatty acid transport protein, Outer membrane receptor protein, Putative uncharacterized protein VP0167, Maltoporin (lamB), Polar flagellin B/D, Agglutination protein Peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein and MltA-interacting protein MipA were appeared, thereby they can be considered as UVC-stress proteins in some vibrios. In addition, expression of OmpK decreased to nondetectable level. Furthermore, we observed a decrease or an increase in the expression level of other outer membrane proteins.

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“…They are basically composed of protein, lipid and sugar, which could be easily recognized as foreign substances by the host's immunological defense systems (Qian et al 2007). These OMPs play an important role in infection and pathogenicity in the host (Tsolis 2002 (Wang et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune response in Lutjanus erythropterus induced by the major outer membrane protein (OmpU) of Vibrio alginolyticus

Cai¹,

Yao²,

Lu³

et al. 2010

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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The outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of the marine aquatic animal pathogen Vibrio alginolyticus play an important role in the virulence of the bacterium and are potential candidates for vaccine development. In this study, the major 35.6 kDa OMP of V. alginolyticus was isolated by gel excision from the crude OMP fraction from V. alginolyticus. The sequence of the first 27 amino acid residues from the N-terminal end of the protein is ATV YKD GGT ELL VGG RVE FRG DFI GSD, which has high homology with OmpU proteins from other Vibrio spp. (92%). Lutjanus erythropterus were vaccinated with OmpU, and immunogenicity was confirmed by subsequent western blotting. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis demonstrated that OmpU produced an observable antibody response in all sera of the vaccinated fish. L. erythropterus vaccinated with OmpU produced specific antibodies, and were highly resistant to infection with virulent V. alginolyticus. These results indicate that OmpU is an effective vaccine candidate against V. alginolyticus for L. erythropterus. KEY WORDS: Vibrio alginolyticus · Outer membrane protein · OmpU · Immunogenicity · VaccineResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Comparative genome analysis of the α-proteobacteria: Relationships between plant and animal pathogens and host specificity

Cited by 75 publications

References 33 publications

How rhizobial symbionts invade plants: the Sinorhizobium–Medicago model

How rhizobial symbionts invade plants: the Sinorhizobium–Medicago model

Identification of Outer Membrane Proteins Altered in Response to UVC-Radiation in Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus

Immune response in Lutjanus erythropterus induced by the major outer membrane protein (OmpU) of Vibrio alginolyticus

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