Comparative Genomics of Domesticated and Wild Sunflower: Complete Chloroplast and Mitochondrial Genomes

Abstract

Abstract:The entire chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes of domesticated and wild type sunflower were sequenced. The comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes revealed 43 variant sites, including 21 polymorphic SSR loci and 22 SNPs. About 14 variant sites were found by collation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), among them 4 SSRs, 8 SNPs and 2 deletions. About 9 SNPs were located in coding region of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) and single SNP was mapped in mitochondrial gene. Only three SNPs caused amino acid changes: Two SNPs in cpDNA and one mtDNA SNP. Despite the fact that sunflower mitochondrial genome sequence is twice as long as chloroplast genome sequence, mtDNA has one third as much variant sites than cpDNA.

Comparative Analysis of the Complete Chloroplast Genome of the Alloplasmic Sunflower (Helianthus L.) Lines with Various CMS Types

“…The ANN2 cytotype was derived from a crossing between wild and cultivated sunflower H. annuus (Serieys, 1984;Skoric et al, 2012). Previously, the comparative analysis of the complete chloroplast genomes of cultivated and wild sunflower H. annuus revealed only 43 variant sites, including 22 SNPs and 21 polymorphic SSR loci (Makarenko et al, 2016).…”

“…First of all, from leaves of 14 day sunflower seedlings was extracted organelle fraction with reduced amount of nuclear DNA as has been described earlier (Makarenko et al, 2016). For each line we used the same quantity of leaf tissue from 5 plants.…”

The Investigation of Organelle Genomes of Extra Nuclear Sunflower Mutants with Variegated Phenotype

“…DNA extraction was performed with PhytoSorb kit (Syntol, Russia) according to the manufacturer's instruction, from preliminarily isolated chloroplast fraction (Makarenko et al, 2016b) from leaf tissuesmutant (pale or yellow) and normal (green). NGS libraries preparations, their quantity and quality estimates were made as has been described earlier (Makarenko et al, 2016b), the exception is that in this study for libraries preparations we used the pool of DNA from 6 plants, mixed in equal concentrations. Libraries were sequenced with NextSeq 500 sequencer using High Output v2 kit (Illumina, USA).…”

Complete sequence of wild Physalis philadelphica chloroplast genome

“…Plastome variation between cultivated and wild ancestors, as well as their comparison with other wild relatives, have been documented in plants of economic importance such as Oryza spp. Tong et al 2016) and Helianthus annuus L. (Makarenko et al 2016).…”