Comparative hematological variables of Bengal tigers (Panthera tigris tigris) kept in Lahore Zoo and Lahore Wildlife Park, Pakistan

Sajjad, S.; Farooq, Umer; Malik, Husna; Anwar, M.; Ahmad, Ijaz

doi:10.3906/vet-1102-757

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Due to the tigers at TC having to hunt for themselves and being more exposed to the environment and therefore experiencing more physical demands, we expected to see a difference in fGCM concentrations between the re-wilded and captive tigers. The lack of significance found in this study aligns with Sajjad et al (2011), who found no significant difference in plasma cortisol concentrations between zoo tigers and tigers kept in a seminatural environment where they had ample space but were still fed. While sample sizes were low and more should be collected in future studies, the lack of significance between TC and most of the other study sites may be due to the fact that all of these tigers were born in their respective settings and did not have to adjust to a new environment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Non-invasive monitoring of glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations in native Indian, as well as captive and re-wilded tigers in South Africa

Jepsen

Scheun

Dehnhard

et al. 2021

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Non-invasive monitoring of glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations in native Indian, as well as captive and re-wilded tigers in South Africa

Jepsen

Scheun

Dehnhard

et al. 2021

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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“…In the present study, the total leukocyte values were higher in P. onca and P. leo, which can be attributed to the greater stress of these animals during capture for the collection of blood samples, in line with the descriptions of Larsson et al (2015) when evaluating Panthera tigris altaica in captivity. According to Sajjad et al (2012), the total leukocyte count is significantly higher in free-living Panthera tigris tigris than in captive individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cougar (Puma concolor, Linnaeus, 1771), jaguar (Panthera onca, Linnaeus, 1758), and lion (Panthera leo, Linnaeus, 1758) are wild cats belonging to the Carnivorous order, which stand out in Brazilian zoos for the exuberance and ecological importance (Morato et al, 2013;Rueda et al, 2013;Ávila-Nájera et al, 2018;Whitten et al, 2019). They represent a group threatened with extinction due anthropic actions, including suppression and fragmentation of habitat due to expansion of cities, roads, and agriculture, predatory hunting and illegal trade, and fires (Sajjad et al, 2012;Azevedo et al, 2013;Morato et al, 2013). All these threats became wild cats vulnerable to diseases, especially those associated with other factors such as poor nutrition, stress and inbreeding (Larsson et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parâmetros hematológicos de gatos selvagens das espécies Puma concolor, Panthera onca e Panthera leo mantidos em cativeiro

Dias¹,

Brito²,

Paulino³

et al. 2022

RSD

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Os exames hematológicos são essenciais na investigação da etiologia e cronicidade das doenças, além de auxiliarem nas pesquisas. No entanto, os valores de referência para hemograma e parâmetros bioquímicos de gatos selvagens são escassos, restringindo medidas de tratamento e prevenção, agravando os riscos de extinção dessas espécies. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o hemograma e parâmetros bioquímicos de gatos selvagens saudáveis mantidos em cativeiro em um centro de conservação em Ribeirão Preto (SP). Amostras de sangue foram coletadas de seis gatos selvagens, incluindo quatro Puma concolor, um Panthera onca e um Panthera leo. Quanto ao hemograma, os valores de glóbulos vermelhos, hemoglobina, hematócrito, volume corpuscular médio, hemoglobina corpuscular média, concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média, plaquetas, leucócitos totais, mielócitos, metamielócitos, bastonetes, segmentados, linfócitos, monócitos, eosinófilos e basófilos foram analisados. Em relação aos parâmetros bioquímicos, os valores de aspartato aminotransferase, alanina aminotransferase, gama-glutamil transferase, fosfatase alcalina, creatina quinase, ureia, creatinina, nitrogênio ureico no sangue (BUN), razão BUN/creatinina, proteína total, albumina, globulina, fibrinogênio total, colesterol, triglicerídeos, ferro sérico, cálcio, fósforo e amilase foram estudados. Em adição a literatura, o hemograma e os valores bioquímicos encontrados neste estudo indicam que pode haver variações nos parâmetros hematológicos em função do sexo do animal e entre populações em cativeiro e em vida livre. Além disso, neste estudo, alguns parâmetros hematológicos de gatos selvagens diferiram daquelas referências para gatos domésticos.

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“…The tagging accuracy of a POS tagger is not only dependent on the quality and amount of training data set but also on the POS tagset used for annotation. In the prior literature, we found three commonly used POS tagsets for the Urdu language: Hardie’s POS tagset (Hardie 2004), Sajjad’s POS tagset (Sajjad 2007), and Centre for Language Engineering (CLE) Urdu POS tagset (Ahmed et al . 2014).…”

Section: Urdu Natural Language Toolkitmentioning

confidence: 99%

UNLT: Urdu Natural Language Toolkit

et al. 2022

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This study describes a Natural Language Processing (NLP) toolkit, as the first contribution of a larger project, for an under-resourced language—Urdu. In previous studies, standard NLP toolkits have been developed for English and many other languages. There is also a dire need for standard text processing tools and methods for Urdu, despite it being widely spoken in different parts of the world with a large amount of digital text being readily available. This study presents the first version of the UNLT (Urdu Natural Language Toolkit) which contains three key text processing tools required for an Urdu NLP pipeline; word tokenizer, sentence tokenizer, and part-of-speech (POS) tagger. The UNLT word tokenizer employs a morpheme matching algorithm coupled with a state-of-the-art stochastic n-gram language model with back-off and smoothing characteristics for the space omission problem. The space insertion problem for compound words is tackled using a dictionary look-up technique. The UNLT sentence tokenizer is a combination of various machine learning, rule-based, regular-expressions, and dictionary look-up techniques. Finally, the UNLT POS taggers are based on Hidden Markov Model and Maximum Entropy-based stochastic techniques. In addition, we have developed large gold standard training and testing data sets to improve and evaluate the performance of new techniques for Urdu word tokenization, sentence tokenization, and POS tagging. For comparison purposes, we have compared the proposed approaches with several methods. Our proposed UNLT, the training and testing data sets, and supporting resources are all free and publicly available for academic use.

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Comparative hematological variables of Bengal tigers (Panthera tigris tigris) kept in Lahore Zoo and Lahore Wildlife Park, Pakistan

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Non-invasive monitoring of glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations in native Indian, as well as captive and re-wilded tigers in South Africa

Non-invasive monitoring of glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations in native Indian, as well as captive and re-wilded tigers in South Africa

Parâmetros hematológicos de gatos selvagens das espécies Puma concolor, Panthera onca e Panthera leo mantidos em cativeiro

UNLT: Urdu Natural Language Toolkit

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