“…No specific image-data acquisition with markers for registration is necessary. The accuracy of this method is limited because superficial landmarks are not definite or reliable due to possible skin shift or swelling, and distinct marks on the bone are not always available at the site of surgery and require invasive registration 2,5,19,22,34,44,49,52,57,61,67,70,78,93,107,121,128,131,135,137,143,145,147,154,168,176,179,193,195,196 . Use of this method is described for image-guided surgery of the lateral skull base 19 , spine 78 and spinal chord 94 .…”