Comparative life cycle assessment of different synthesis routes of magnetic nanoparticles

Feijoo, Sara; González‐García, Sara; Moldes-Diz, Yolanda; Vázquez–Vázquez, C.; Feijoó, Gumersindo

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.079

Cited by 56 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The guidelines established by International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards [28] have been considered to perform the LCA study. The environmental profiles of the silica-coated mNPs production were determined according to the production route described in a previous paper [29]. In a typical synthesis of silica-coated mNPs, polyoxyethylene(5)nonylphenyl ether (Igepal CO-520) and cyclohexane are mechanically stirred before the addition of oleic-acid magnetite nanoparticles (2.5% wt in cyclohexane).…”

Section: Life Cycle Assessment Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation of Laccase Nanobiocatalysts Based on Ionic and Covalent Interactions for the Enhanced Oxidation of Phenolic Compounds

et al. 2017

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Featured Application: Development and potential use of nanobiocatalysts for the removal of phenolic compounds as well as other related xenobiotics present in industrial wastewaters. Abstract:Oxidative biocatalysis by laccase arises as a promising alternative in the development of advanced oxidation processes for the removal of xenobiotics. The aim of this work is to develop various types of nanobiocatalysts based on laccase immobilized on different superparamagnetic and non-magnetic nanoparticles to improve the stability of the biocatalysts. Several techniques of enzyme immobilization were evaluated based on ionic exchange and covalent bonding. The highest yields of laccase immobilization were achieved for the covalent laccase nanoconjugates of silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles (2.66 U mg −1 NPs), formed by the covalent attachment of the enzyme between the aldehyde groups of the glutaraldehyde-functionalized nanoparticle and the amino groups of the enzyme. Moreover, its application in the biotransformation of phenol as a model recalcitrant compound was tested at different pH and successfully achieved at pH 6 for 24 h. A sequential batch operation was carried out, with complete recovery of the nanobiocatalyst and minimal deactivation of the enzyme after four cycles of phenol oxidation. The major drawback associated with the use of the nanoparticles relies on the energy consumption required for their production and the use of chemicals, that account for a major contribution in the normalized index of 5.28 × 10 −3 . The reduction of cyclohexane (used in the synthesis of silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles) led to a significant lower index (3.62 × 10 −3 ); however, the immobilization was negatively affected, which discouraged this alternative.

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Section: Life Cycle Assessment Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation of Laccase Nanobiocatalysts Based on Ionic and Covalent Interactions for the Enhanced Oxidation of Phenolic Compounds

et al. 2017

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“…Temperature increased to 60 • C in a 250 mL round-bottom flask, using 30 mL of NH 4 OH (28% w/w) in a subsequent step to promote the formation of black magnetite nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were washed three times with deionized water and, finally, a tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH) solution (10% w/w) was added to reach pH 10 to obtain sterically stabilized magnetite [25]. Both the energy consumption associated with agitation and heating (60 • C) and the consumption of deionized water for redispersion and washing were considered in the computation of inventory data.…”

Section: Goal and Scope Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 core-shell nanoparticles were prepared through a water-in-cyclohexane reverse microemulsion starting from the oleic-acid-coated magnetite nanoparticles [25], using as main chemicals: polyoxyethylene(5)nonylphenyl ether (Igepal CO-520), cyclohexane, NH 4 OH, TEOS and isopropanol (IPA) [29]. Beyond the consumption of chemicals and the energy consumption associated with mechanical stirring and drying (60 • C), the consumption of distilled water and cyclohexane for washing and redispersion were also included.…”

Section: Silica-coated Magnetic Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When it comes to assessing the environmental impacts of NP production and use, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology arises as the most updated and comprehensive approach [20], based on international standards (ISO 14040/44) [21]. Available LCA studies of nanomaterials include nanomaterials such as CdTe, carbon nanofibres (CNFs) and nanotubes (CNTs), nanoclay (ONMT, organically modified montmorillonite), nanoscale Pt-group metals, nanocrystaline-Si, Ag, titanium and titanium oxide, and magnetic NPs [22][23][24][25]. However, to date, no LCA reports have been found on NP production routes for Fenton and photo-Fenton applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fenton and Photo-Fenton Nanocatalysts Revisited from the Perspective of Life Cycle Assessment

et al. 2019

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This study provides an overview of the environmental impacts associated with the production of different magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) based on magnetite (Fe3O4), with a potential use as heterogeneous Fenton or photo-Fenton catalysts in wastewater treatment applications. The tendency of Fe3O4 NPs to form aggregates in water makes necessary their decoration with stabilizing agents, in order to increase their catalytic activity. Different stabilizing agents were considered in this study: poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), polyethylenimine (PEI) and silica (SiO2), as well as the immobilization of the magnetite-based catalysts in a mesoporous silica matrix, SBA-15. In the case of photo-Fenton catalysts, combinations of magnetite NPs with semiconductors were evaluated, so that magnetic recovery of the nanomaterials is possible, thus allowing a safe discharge free of NPs. The results of this study suggest that magnetic nanoparticles coated with PEI or PAA were the most suitable option for their applications in heterogeneous Fenton processes, while ZnO-Fe3O4 NPs provided an interesting approach in photo-Fenton. This work showed the importance of identifying the relevance of nanoparticle production strategy in the environmental impacts associated with their use.

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“…Based on the life cycle assessment, attempts were made to identify potential sources of emissions and environmental risks associated with the use of nanoparticles [3][4][5] (Figure 1).…”

Section: Wprowadzeniementioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Nanoparticles in Surface Waters – a Risk to Aquatic Organisms

Tomczyk-Wydrych¹,

Rabajczyk

2019

SFT

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Nanocząstki metali w wodach powierzchniowych -zagrożenie dla organizmów wodnychABSTRACT Purpose: The aim of this paper is to provide information on the risks posed by metal nanoparticles released into surface waters. Introduction: Currently, the use of nanoparticles of metal and metal oxides (NPMOs) is extremely popular in various industries, and in medicine and households. Nanoparticles and nanocompounds have become significant contributors to technological progress due to their physicochemical properties such as the melting point, electrical and thermal conductivity, catalytic activity, light absorption and scattering, as well as biocompatible and bactericidal properties. These functions cause their increased performance compared to their macro counterparts. However, it should be noted that the properties of nanocomponents can create new risks to the environment and consumers. Based on existing literature, a conclusion can be drawn that metal nanoparticles are a potential threat to plant and animal organisms, and humans. It is, therefore, necessary to intensify efforts to understand the mobility, reactivity and durability of nanocomponents in various environmental components, especially in the aquatic environment, and their toxicity to organisms. Methodology: This paper is a literature review. Conclusions:The increasing use of nanosubstances, in both commercial and industrial products, has caused an increasing concentration and diversity of these substances in aquatic ecosystems. Based on the analysis of literature reports, it can be concluded that the size of nanoparticles, their structure and arrangement, as well as surface properties, are subject to constant changes in the environment as a result of their interactions with other components, and of the balances shaped by a variety of geochemical and biological factors. Numerous studies conducted in recent years in the field of nanoecotoxicology have demonstrated the existence of a risk to aquatic organisms, which could lead to their impaired development and even death. Unfortunately, the lack of a standard technique for assessing the toxicity of nanoparticles in various biological systems, such as the reproductive, respiratory, nervous and gastrointestinal systems, and the developmental stages of aquatic organisms, makes it impossible to conduct such studies in a standardised fashion. Reports of the toxicity of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles in relation to various forms of living organisms warrant in-depth investigations into how these particles function in aqueous solutions and interact with standard substances. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). ABSTRAKTCel: Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie informacji na temat zagrożeń, jakie stanowią nanocząstki metali wprowadzane do wód powierzchniowych. Wprowadzenie: Obecnie wykorzystanie nanocząstek metali i tlenków metali (NPMOs) cieszy się ogromną popularnością w różnych gałęziach przemysłu, medycynie i gospodarstwach domowych. Nanocz...

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Comparative life cycle assessment of different synthesis routes of magnetic nanoparticles

Cited by 56 publications

References 21 publications

Formulation of Laccase Nanobiocatalysts Based on Ionic and Covalent Interactions for the Enhanced Oxidation of Phenolic Compounds

Formulation of Laccase Nanobiocatalysts Based on Ionic and Covalent Interactions for the Enhanced Oxidation of Phenolic Compounds

Fenton and Photo-Fenton Nanocatalysts Revisited from the Perspective of Life Cycle Assessment

Metal Nanoparticles in Surface Waters – a Risk to Aquatic Organisms

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