Comparative Pathology of Nocardiosis in Marine Mammals

Leger, J. A. St.; Begeman, Lineke; Fleetwood, Michelle; Frasca, Salvatore; Garner, Michael M.; Lair, Stéphane; Trembley, S.; Linn, May La; Terio, Karen A.

doi:10.1354/vp.46-2-299

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The age of present case is consistent with the literature implying that Nocardia is primary pathogen for the young dog; hence 34 of 52 dogs, 65.40% were less than 1 year of age [2]. Similarly, juvenile marine mammals were reportedly affected more than the adult animals [3]. The primary differential diagnosis for the present case include Toxoplasma gondii, fungal and mycobacterial infections.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Nocardiae are nonmotile, facultatively intracellular pathogen in humans and, domestic and wild animals. Furthermore, they cause significant infections in cats, horses, goat, sheep, pigs, fish, birds, marine mammals and a variety of wild and zoo animals [1–3]. The other and separate form of disease is the bovine mastitis occuring in dairy cattle and also it progresses into systemic infection [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Systemic nocardiosis in a dog caused by Nocardia cyriacigeorgica

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundSystemic nocardiosis due to Nocardia cyriacigeorgica has not been reported in dogs.Case presentationLight and electron microscopy, microbiological culture and molecular identification (PCR) were used to diagnose systemic nocardiosis caused by Nocardia cyriacigeorgica in a 3-month-old husky dog. The postmortem changes included multifocal to coalescing, sharply circumscribed pyogranulomatous inflammation and abscess formation in lungs, liver, myocardium, spleen, kidneys, brain, and hilar lymph nodes. The organism was isolated and sequencing of its 16S rRNA allowed its identification and speciation. Examination of the bacterial culture by scanning electron-microscope showed filamentous branching with fragmentation into widely bacillary and cocoid forms of the bacteria. There was no history of immunosupressive drug administration and infection by the immunosuppresive viral pathogens, canine distemper and parvovirus were excluded via PCR.Conclusion N. cyriacigeorgica should be considered potential cause of systemic pyogranulomatous lesions in dogs. It is the first reported case of systemic nocardiosis due to N. cyriacigeorgica in a dog.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic nocardiosis in a dog caused by Nocardia cyriacigeorgica

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As a follow up to UME dolphins in which bacterial pathogens were suspected in the lung, lung samples from five dolphins were tested for the presence of bacterial pathogen DNA using a commercially available kit (MicroSeq 500 16S rDNA Bacterial Identification System, Life Technologies, Grand Island, NY, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions and compared nucleotide sequences using the MicroSeq ID Analysis Software. Lung samples from UME dolphins were also tested for the presence of Nocardia DNA using previously published protocols [ 31 ]. Necropsy culture swabs and tissues were also collected for classical microbial culture techniques.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adrenal Gland and Lung Lesions in Gulf of Mexico Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) Found Dead following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A northern Gulf of Mexico (GoM) cetacean unusual mortality event (UME) involving primarily bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama began in February 2010 and continued into 2014. Overlapping in time and space with this UME was the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill, which was proposed as a contributing cause of adrenal disease, lung disease, and poor health in live dolphins examined during 2011 in Barataria Bay, Louisiana. To assess potential contributing factors and causes of deaths for stranded UME dolphins from June 2010 through December 2012, lung and adrenal gland tissues were histologically evaluated from 46 fresh dead non-perinatal carcasses that stranded in Louisiana (including 22 from Barataria Bay), Mississippi, and Alabama. UME dolphins were tested for evidence of biotoxicosis, morbillivirus infection, and brucellosis. Results were compared to up to 106 fresh dead stranded dolphins from outside the UME area or prior to the DWH spill. UME dolphins were more likely to have primary bacterial pneumonia (22% compared to 2% in non-UME dolphins, P = .003) and thin adrenal cortices (33% compared to 7% in non-UME dolphins, P = .003). In 70% of UME dolphins with primary bacterial pneumonia, the condition either caused or contributed significantly to death. Brucellosis and morbillivirus infections were detected in 7% and 11% of UME dolphins, respectively, and biotoxin levels were low or below the detection limit, indicating that these were not primary causes of the current UME. The rare, life-threatening, and chronic adrenal gland and lung diseases identified in stranded UME dolphins are consistent with exposure to petroleum compounds as seen in other mammals. Exposure of dolphins to elevated petroleum compounds present in coastal GoM waters during and after the DWH oil spill is proposed as a cause of adrenal and lung disease and as a contributor to increased dolphin deaths.

show abstract

“…12,14 By contrast, only a few reports mention this bacterium as the causative agent of disease in veterinary medicine. 2,8,16,18 Genotypic and phenotypic comparison between members of the genus Nocardia revealed that human isolates of N. cyriacigeorgica and N. asteroides type VI strains share identical partial 16S rRNA gene sequences and similar antimicrobial susceptibility. 3,14 It seems possible that bacteriologic misdiagnosis due to the genetic homology between these 2 Nocardia species may partially account for the scarcity of reported cases of N. cyriacigeorgica as the causative agent of pyogranulomatous disease in veterinary medicine.…”

Section: Research-article2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nocardia cyriacigeorgica as the causative agent of mandibular osteomyelitis (lumpy jaw) in a cat

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An unusual case of osteomyelitis caused by Nocardia cyriacigeorgica infection and resulting in mandibular osteomyelitis and cellulitis (lumpy jaw) is described in a young cat. A 1-cm hard nodular mass was an incidental finding in the right mandible of a 14-month-old cat during routine physical examination. The lesion was fast growing, reaching up to 6 cm in its largest dimension over a 5-week period. A core biopsy of the affected mandible revealed foci of osteolysis, woven bone formation, and a few large clusters of filamentous bacteria surrounded by fine eosinophilic amorphous material bordered by neutrophils, plasma cells, macrophages, and occasional multinucleated giant cells. Pure cultures of acid-fast variable, Gram-positive filamentous bacteria were recovered on blood and chocolate agar plates at 48-hr postinoculation. On amplification and sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA and 65-kDa heat shock protein genes, the microorganisms were identified as N. cyriacigeorgica, within the actinomycetes.

show abstract

Comparative Pathology of Nocardiosis in Marine Mammals

Cited by 27 publications

References 45 publications

Systemic nocardiosis in a dog caused by Nocardia cyriacigeorgica

Systemic nocardiosis in a dog caused by Nocardia cyriacigeorgica

Adrenal Gland and Lung Lesions in Gulf of Mexico Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) Found Dead following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

Nocardia cyriacigeorgica as the causative agent of mandibular osteomyelitis (lumpy jaw) in a cat

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About