Comparative physiological responses and adaptive strategies of apple Malus halliana to salt, alkali and saline-alkali stress

Jia, Xin; Wang, Hai; Svetla, Sofkova; Zhu, Yan; Hu, Ya; Cheng, Li; Zhao, Tong; Wang, Yanxiu

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2018.10.017

Cited by 88 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This component plays an important role in capturing and transmitting light energy in photosynthesis and is one of the most important indicators of salt tolerance. In the current study, Chl a and Chl b contents decreased gradually as NaCl treatment concentration and duration increased, which agreed with the results seen in other species, such as apple (Jia et al, 2019) and cucumber (Stępie n and K1obus, 2006). The decrease in Chl content may be attributed to increased degradation and inhibited synthesis of the pigment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of Salt Stress on Chlorophyll Fluorescence and the Antioxidant System in Ginkgo biloba L. Seedlings

Zhao¹,

Liang²,

Chu³

et al. 2019

horts

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Ginkgo biloba L. (ginkgo) is generally regarded as a tolerant species to environmental stresses. However, its tolerance mechanisms are not well understood, particularly for salt stress. To evaluate the species’ physiological responses to salt stress, 3-year-old ginkgo seedlings were exposed to a range of salinity levels (0% to 1.0% NaCl). A significant reduction in maximum (Fv/Fm) and actual (ΦPSII) quantum yields of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry and the nonphotochemical quenching (qN) coefficient only occurred in late treatment stages at the salinity levels of 0.6% to 1.0%. As salt concentration increased, the response time and chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence indices decreased. Overall, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD); contents of catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), and flavonoids; and scavenging rate of free radicals enhanced under salinity stress. These data indicate that ginkgo seedlings are tolerant to low salt stress, and enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant systems seem to work synergistically to reduce lipid oxidation under NaCl stress because malondialdehyde (MDA) content did not increase. Correlation and principal component analyses determined that water potential, Chl fluorescence parameters, activities of POD and SOD, contents of CAT and flavonoids, and hydroxyl (•OH) and diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging capability were sensitive to salt stress. These parameters can be used for in vitro or rapid and nondestructive monitoring of the responses of ginkgo seedlings to salinity stress. It is of significance to understand the tolerance mechanisms of ginkgo to salt stress, reduce the harm of NaCl and other snow-melting agents to ginkgo as shade trees, and develop new salt-tolerant varieties.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of Salt Stress on Chlorophyll Fluorescence and the Antioxidant System in Ginkgo biloba L. Seedlings

Zhao¹,

Liang²,

Chu³

et al. 2019

horts

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“…Malus halliana is an indigenous apple species that, throughout its long evolutionary history, has already developed suitable mechanisms to adapt to saline–alkali environments. Our recent study also confirmed that M. halliana was more resistant to saline–alkali stress than other apple rootstocks in terms of physiological responses 7 . Consequently, exploration of the possible molecular mechanisms of how M. halliana responds to saline–alkali stress is urgently needed.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Integrated physiologic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses of Malus halliana adaptation to saline–alkali stress

Jia

Zhu

et al. 2019

Hortic Res

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Saline–alkali stress is a severely adverse abiotic stress limiting plant growth. Malus halliana Koehne is an apple rootstock that is tolerant to saline–alkali stress. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the tolerance of M. halliana to saline–alkali stress, an integrated metabolomic and proteomic approach was used to analyze the plant pathways involved in the stress response of the plant and its regulatory mechanisms. A total of 179 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and 140 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were identified. We found that two metabolite-related enzymes (PPD and PAO) were associated with senescence and involved in porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism; six photosynthesis proteins (PSAH2, PSAK, PSBO2, PSBP1, and PSBQ2) were significantly upregulated, especially PSBO2, and could act as regulators of photosystem II (PSII) repair. Sucrose, acting as a signaling molecule, directly mediated the accumulation of D-phenylalanine, tryptophan, and alkaloid (vindoline and ecgonine) and the expression of proteins related to aspartate and glutamate (ASP3, ASN1, NIT4, and GLN1−1). These responses play a central role in maintaining osmotic balance and removing reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, sucrose signaling induced flavonoid biosynthesis by activating the expression of CYP75B1 to regulate the homeostasis of ROS and promoted auxin signaling by activating the expression of T31B5_170 to enhance the resistance of M. halliana to saline–alkali stress. The decrease in peroxidase superfamily protein (PER) and ALDH2C4 during lignin synthesis further triggered a plant saline–alkali response. Overall, this study provides an important starting point for improving saline–alkali tolerance in M. halliana via genetic engineering.

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“…The harvest seedlings of ryegrass were washed with distilled water three times. The shoots and roots were separated, and the shoots were placed in an oven at 105 • C and then dried at 80 • C to reach a constant weight, and the fresh and dry weights of the seedlings were measured for each plant [28].…”

Section: Fresh Weight and Dry Weight Of The Seedlingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and Proteomic Analyses Reveal Adaptive Mechanisms of Ryegrass (Annual vs. Perennial) Seedlings to Salt Stress

Peng

Yan

et al. 2019

Agronomy

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Ryegrass has a relatively high salt tolerance and is considered to be a promising species for both foraging and turf purposes in salt-affected soils in China. While annual ryegrass and perennial ryegrass are two different species, they have similar genomes. However, little is known about their physiological and molecular response mechanisms to salinity stress. Here, biomass, chlorophyll fluorescence, and inorganic ion and organic solute content were measured. 2-DE-based proteomic technology was then used to identify the differentially expressed proteins in the salt-treated seedlings. The results showed that salt stress reduced growth and photosynthesis in the seedlings of both species, but much more so in annual ryegrass. With increasing salinity, the Na+ concentration increased while the K+ concentration decreased in both species, and the sugars and proline increased as the primary organic solutes used to cope with osmotic stress. Additionally, proteomic analysis revealed 33 and 37 differentially expressed proteins in annual and perennial ryegrass, respectively. Most of the identified proteins were involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism, photosynthesis, genetic information processes, amino acid metabolism, stress defense, and protein synthesis and folding. The results suggest that the two-ryegrass species had different physiological and proteomic responses. These findings can provide new insights into physiological mechanisms by which ryegrass species respond to salt stress.

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Comparative physiological responses and adaptive strategies of apple Malus halliana to salt, alkali and saline-alkali stress

Cited by 88 publications

References 47 publications

Effects of Salt Stress on Chlorophyll Fluorescence and the Antioxidant System in Ginkgo biloba L. Seedlings

Effects of Salt Stress on Chlorophyll Fluorescence and the Antioxidant System in Ginkgo biloba L. Seedlings

Integrated physiologic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses of Malus halliana adaptation to saline–alkali stress

Physiological and Proteomic Analyses Reveal Adaptive Mechanisms of Ryegrass (Annual vs. Perennial) Seedlings to Salt Stress

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