Comparative phytochemical analysis andin vivoimmunomodulatory activity of various extracts ofStevia rebaudianaleaves in experimental animal model

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to explore the comparative phytochemical analysis and immunomodulating activities of various successively extracted leaf extracts of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) in albino rats. Phytochemical screening conducted on various organic leaf extracts of S. rebaudiana revealed the presence of several biologically active molecules that include sterols, saponins, alkaloids, glycosides, phenols, tannins, flavonoids and resins. The immunomodulatory activities were determined by neutrophil adhesion test, haemagglutination antibody (HA) titre delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response and phagocytic activity. The response produced by oral administration of ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts showed a significant increase in neutrophil adhesion and DTH response. The augmentation of humoral immune response to sheep red blood cells by ethanolic and aqueous extracts at 300-500 mg kg -1 was higher than when an extract dose of 200 mg kg -1 was used, as shown by a dose-related increase in antibody titres in experimental rats. This study demonstrates potent immunomodulatory activities and therapeutic potential of phytochemical compounds extracted from S. rebaudiana leaf to combat against immunological disorders.

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni bioactive effects: From in vivo to clinical trials towards future therapeutic approaches

“…Among the multiple biologically active molecules present in S. rebaudiana , among them sterols, saponins, alkaloids, glycosides, phenols, tannins, flavonoids, and resins (Shukla & Mehta, ), strong immunomodulatory abilities have been found to some of them, and the therapeutic potential of phytochemical compounds extracted from S. rebaudiana leaf reveals great abilities to fight against several immunological disorders. First of all, the use of steviol glycosides by intestinal microbiota indicates that they may exert a potential prebiotic effect.…”

Dietary intervention with Stevia residue extracts alleviates impaired glucose regulation in mice

“…In addition to steviol glycosides, S. rebaudiana contains other metabolites with bioactive potential, such as hydroxycynnamoyl derivatives (caffeoyl and chlorogenic acid derivatives), flavonoids, oligosaccharides, vitamins, amino acids, nonglycosidic diterpenes, phytosterols, triterpenes, hydrocarbons, essential oils, and trace elements (Wölwer-Rieck, 2012). It has been shown to possess several beneficial effects on human health, such as anti-hypertensive (Chan et al, 2000), anti-hyperglycemic (Ibrahim, El-Gengaihi, Motawe, & Riad, 2007), antimicrobial (Muanda, Soulimani, Diop, & Dicko, 2011), antioxidant (Kim, Yang, Lee, & Kang, 2011), and immunomodulatory activities (Shukla, & Mehta, 2015). Numbers of studies have been conducted to investigate the effects of Stevia on diabetes in vivo.…”

Stevia (<i>Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni</i>): un aditivo natural efectivo en avicultura?

“…Debido a la presencia de esteviósidos y rebaudiósidos (glicósidos de esteviol), sus hojas son 200 a 300 veces más dulces que el azúcar de caña común (que contiene sacarosa) (Geuns 2003;Grosso et al 2012;Christaki et al 2013). Tanto las hojas de Stevia desecadas como sus compuestos bioactivos provenientes principalmente, de la hoja, tallos y flores, han sido ampliamente investigados no solo por sus propiedades edulcorantes sino que se han advertido otros efectos positivos muy interesantes, como antioxidantes, antimicrobianas, e incremento en la inmunidad, que actualmente son motivos de estudios (Wood et al 1996;Ghosh et al 2008;Jayaraman et al 2008;Christaki et al 2013;Shivanna et al 2013;Shukla & Mehta 2015). El descubrimiento de las otras propiedades de la Stevia surgió a partir de investigaciones tanto in vitro como in vivo, usando distintos métodos para extraer los diferentes compuestos activos de esta planta, principalmente de sus hojas (Wood et al 1996;Geuns 2003;Jayaraman et al 2008;Christaki et al 2013;Shivanna et al 2013;Gaddet et al 2017).…”

“…Además, se advirtieron efectos inmunomoduladores en ratas de laboratorio luego de adicionar extractos de Stevia, notándose una fuerte acción contra bacterias patógenas, actuando de manera dosis dependiente (Christaki et al 2013;Shukla & Mehta 2015). En otros estudios in vivo realizados en cerdos, se demostró que la Stevia y sus compuestos bioactivos presentan propiedades antimicrobianas que podrían influir en la microbiota intestinal, alterando posiblemente la actividad de algunas enzimas digestivas y su producción de ácidos grasos de cadena corta.…”