Comparative studies on foam stability, oil-film interaction and fire extinguishing performance for fluorine-free and fluorinated foams

Yu, Xiaoyang; Jiang, Ning; Miao, Xuyang; Li, Fan; Wang, Jiyun; Zong, Ruowen; Lu, Shouxiang

doi:10.1016/j.psep.2019.11.016

Cited by 76 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Due to the higher interactions between foams and formation, a large percent of foam flooding performances have been carried out in water-wet rocks where no oil existed [13][14][15][16]. Some concepts, which should be of importance in foam-flow behavior, are the Marangoni effect, gravity drainage, disjoining pressure, entering and spreading, interfacial tension, diffusion, liquid drainage by gravity, and liquid viscosity [17][18][19][20][21]. The Marangoni effect is considered as the mass transfer of the fluid phase through the interfacial surfaces of two regions which are caused by surface tension.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Laboratory Approach on the Hybrid-Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques with Different Saline Brines in Sandstone Reservoirs

Cheng

Yang

et al. 2020

Processes

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As foams are not thermodynamically stable and might be collapsed, foam stability is defined by interfacial properties and bulk solution. In this paper, we investigated foam injection and different salinity brines such as NaCl, CaCl2, KCl, and MgCl2 to measure cumulative oil production. According to the results of this experiment, it is concluded that sequential low-salinity water injections with KCl and foam flooding have provided the highest cumulative oil production in sandstone reservoirs. This issue is related to high wettability changes that had been caused by the KCl. As K+ is a monovalent cation, KCl has the highest wettability changes compared to other saline brines and formation water at 1000 ppm, which is due to the higher wettability changes of potassium (K+) over other saline ions. The interfacial tension for KCl at the lowest value is 1000 ppm and, for MgCl2, has the highest value in this concentration. Moreover, the formation brine, regarding its high value of salty components, had provided lower cumulative oil production before and after foam injection as it had mobilized more in the high permeable zones and, therefore, large volumes of oil would be trapped in the small permeable zones. This was caused by the low wettability alteration of the formation brine. Thereby, formation water flowed in large pores and the oil phase remained in small pores and channels. On the other hand, as foams played a significant role in the mobility control and sweep efficiency, at 2 pore volume, foam increased the pressure drop dramatically after brine injection. Consequently, foam injection after KCl brine injection had the maximum oil recovery factor of 63.14%. MgCl2 and formation brine had 41.21% and 36.51% oil recovery factor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Laboratory Approach on the Hybrid-Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques with Different Saline Brines in Sandstone Reservoirs

Cheng

Yang

et al. 2020

Processes

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“…Such interaction is fully embedded in the equilibrium phase behavior, manifested as−simply−miscibility (or solubility). The immiscibility of fuel oil with foam liquid containing fluorosurfactant is well noted in Yu’s study, where the authors described the phenomenon as fuel oil being “expelled” from the aqueous fluorosurfactant film …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In response to the urgent need to develop non-fluoro materials in this area, new studies have surfaced in recent years. Among these, Sheng , and Yu compared the extinction and burn-back performance of fluorinated and non-fluorinated firefighting foams. Kennedy et al investigated bubble coarsening dynamics in fluorinated and non-fluorinated firefighting foams .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential Factor of Perfluoroalkyl Surfactants Contributing to Efficacy in Firefighting Foams

Banerjee

Liu

2021

Langmuir

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Two simple model aqueous foams, one made from a perfluoroalkyl surfactant and one from a silicone polyether surfactant, are compared with regard to their stability in contact with heptane as a model fuel oil. The observed foam stabilities are explained in terms of the equilibrium phase behavior of the system water–surfactant–heptane. It is demonstrated that the fundamental enabling factor that makes perfluoroalkyl surfactant perform exceedingly well in stabilizing foams on hydrocarbon fuel oil is its oleophobicity. For hydrocarbon or silicone surfactants, the propensity for the surfactant phase to solubilize hydrocarbon oil and be solubilized in the oil destabilizes the foam. This is particularly so if the surfactant’s phase inversion by temperature (PIT) range falls within the application temperature range.

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“…Then ignited the burnback pot, and adjusted the position of the burn-back pot continuously during this period. Finally, the burn-back time of different stages was recorded until the whole fuel surface was completely burned (Yu et al, 2020). Surface tension, critical micelle concentration (CMC), aggregation behavior and adsorption properties of the mixed system.…”

Section: Measurement Of Extinguishing Performance and Burn-back Perfo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on aqueous film‐forming foam extinguishing agent based on fluorocarbon cationic–hydrocarbon anionic surfactants mixture system

Yang

Peng

Sha

et al. 2021

J Surfact & Detergents

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Fluorocarbon surfactants were the main components of aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agents (AFFF). Unfortunately, the widely used fluorocarbon surfactant perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was limited due to its toxicity, bioaccumulation and biodegradability. In this paper, an environmentally friendly quaternary ammonium cationic fluorocarbon surfactant with high surface activity and simple synthesis route was reported. The surface performance and aggregation behavior of the mixed solution of this fluorocarbon surfactant and sodium n-octyl sulfate were studied by means of surface tension meter and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results showed that the synergistic effect of sodium n-octyl sulfate and this fluorocarbon surfactant was significant, and many vesicles could be observed in the mixed solution with the concentration of 0.1 mol/L under TEM. Subsequently, three environmental friendly AFFF formulations (F-1, F-2, F-3) were designed with the mixture of the fluorocarbon surfactant, sodium n-octyl sulfate and lauryl betaine BS-12 as foaming agent. Through its foam performance test, it could be seen that F-3 showed relatively excellent foam performance. The initial foam height h 0 was 70 mm, the 25% drainage time was 315 s, the extinguishing time was 28 s, and the burn-back time was 720 s. This kind of fire extinguishing agent had the potential of fire protection application.

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Comparative studies on foam stability, oil-film interaction and fire extinguishing performance for fluorine-free and fluorinated foams

Cited by 76 publications

References 39 publications

A Laboratory Approach on the Hybrid-Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques with Different Saline Brines in Sandstone Reservoirs

A Laboratory Approach on the Hybrid-Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques with Different Saline Brines in Sandstone Reservoirs

Essential Factor of Perfluoroalkyl Surfactants Contributing to Efficacy in Firefighting Foams

Study on aqueous film‐forming foam extinguishing agent based on fluorocarbon cationic–hydrocarbon anionic surfactants mixture system

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