Comparative study of amaranth species (Amaranthus spp.) in the temperate continental climate of Russian Federation

Abstract

Comparative study of amaranth species (Amaranthus spp.) in the temperate continental climate of Russian FederationAbstract: Field experiments were carried out in the Chuvash Republic, which is located in the center of the European part of Russia on the banks of the Volga River and has a moderately continental climate with warm summers, cold winters, well-defined transitional seasons and average annual rainfall of 500 mm. There are many cultural and wild species of amaranth in nature, differing in morphological and biological features. The objects of research were four common species of amaranth (Amaranthus spp.): A. cruentus L., A. caudatus L., A. hybridus L., A. spinosus L.. Particular attention in the experiment was paid to the morphological and biological characteristics of plants according to the growth stages during growing season and the formation of the yield of green mass and grain during 3 years of research. As a result of the experiment, the possibility of cultivating a heat-loving amaranth culture in the climatic conditions of the Chuvash Republic was proved and adaptive species for growing green mass (A.cruentus and A.caudatus) and for grain (A.cruentus) were identified. Primerjalna raziskava vrst ščira (Amaranthus spp.) v zmernem kontinentalnem podnebju Ruske FederacijeIzvleček: Poljski poskus je bil izveden v Čuvaški republiki, v osrednem delu evropskega dela Rusije, na bregovih Volge, ki ima zmerno kontinentalno podnebje s toplimi poletji, mrzlimi zimami, z dobro izraženimi prehodnimi obdobji in s povprečno letno količino padavin 500 mm. Na območju uspeva več gojenih in podivjanih vrst ščira z različnimi morfološkimi in biološkimi lastnostmi. Predmet raziskave so bile štiri pogoste vrste ščira: A. cruentus L., A. caudatus L., A. hybridus L., A. spinosus L.. Posebna pozornost je bila posvečena morfološkim in biološkim lastnostim rastlin glede na fazo v rastni sezoni, tvorbi biomase in zrnja v 3 letih raziskav. Kot rezultat poskusa je bila dokazana možnost gojitve toploljubnih ščirov v klimatski razmerah Čuvaške republike, za zeleno biomaso vrsti A.cruentus and A.caudatus in za zrnje vrsto A.cruentus.

Effect of soil type and sowing depth on the germination and early growth of two grain amaranth cultivars

“…Regarding cultivar selection, growers must take into consideration the climate conditions of the region in which grain amaranth will be cultivated. Under temperate climate conditions, given that grain amaranth has a higher demand for heat than moisture, cultivars with a fast development and short growth cycle are preferred in order to avoid being damaged by early frosts (Dmitrieva & Ivanov, 2020). The Amaranthus cruentus BRS Alegria cultivar was developed by the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa) and is reported to have achieved, in a 90-day crop cycle, a grain yield of up to 2.3 t ha −1 and up to 5.6 t ha −1 of total dry biomass (Ferreira et al, 2014).…”