Comparative study of group A and group C meningococcal infection.

Evans-Jones, L G; Whittle, H.C.; Onyewotu, I I; Egler, L J; Greenwood, Brian

doi:10.1136/adc.52.4.320

Cited by 34 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Rates for two series published in the USA were higher than 9500, that of a cooperative study in 1975 (Meningococcal Disease Surveillance Group, 1976) being 19 % and that in New York City (Galaid et al 1980) of 22-6 % for groups A, B and C. (1983) in Holland but were not seen in New York City over the period 1973-8 (Galaid et al 1980). The interesting observation was made by Evans-Jones et al (1977) that the overall mortality was higher in group C infections compared with group A, but became the same if acute meningococcaemia, which was entirely due to group C meningococi, was excluded from the analysis. It is important to remember that mortality can be high in local outbreaks as in Bolton in 1971-4 (Moss, 1982), a finding which may be obscured by taking overall national figures.…”

Section: Outcome Of Diseasementioning

confidence: 90%

Meningococcal infections in Scotland 1972–82

Fallon

Brown

Lore

1984

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYStrains of Neisseria meningitidis isolated from patients with meningitis or septicaemia without meningitis in Scotland during the years 1972-82 have been reviewed together with details of the age, sex, disease and outcome of the patients from whom they were isolated. A total of 1185 strains were isolated, of which 927 were examined at the Meningococcal Reference Laboratory (Scotland): 19-3 % were of serogroup A, 63 % of group B, 9-6 % of group C, 6 % of W135 and 1-6 % of other groups. Non-groupable strains were rare. Disease was most common in the first years of life but there was a difference in the age distribution of disease due to the different serogroups, the proportion of disease due to group B being smaller in adults than that due to other serogroups. The overall mortality in meningitis was 7-5 % and in septicaemia was 20-6 %, although there were differences between the rates for the various serogroups. The serogroup distribution differed in disease as opposed to meningococci isolated from carriers although group B strains were predominant in both series. Overall, approximately 15 % of strains were resistant to sulphadiazine, the proportion of resistant group A strains being higher than that of other serogroups.

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Section: Outcome Of Diseasementioning

confidence: 90%

Meningococcal infections in Scotland 1972–82

Fallon

Brown

Lore

1984

J. Hyg.

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“…In 1975, Nigeria experienced a large NmC epidemic associated with relatively high rates of meningococcaemia and high case fatality rates as seen in the recent outbreaks 2 , 9 . Before 2013, the latest outbreak of NmC in Africa had occurred in 1979 in Burkina Faso 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meningococcus serogroup C clonal complex ST-10217 outbreak in Zamfara State, Northern Nigeria

Kwambana-Adams

Amaza

Okoi

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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After the successful roll out of MenAfriVac, Nigeria has experienced sequential meningitis outbreaks attributed to meningococcus serogroup C (NmC). Zamfara State in North-western Nigeria recently was at the epicentre of the largest NmC outbreak in the 21st Century with 7,140 suspected meningitis cases and 553 deaths reported between December 2016 and May 2017. The overall attack rate was 155 per 100,000 population and children 5–14 years accounted for 47% (3,369/7,140) of suspected cases. The case fatality rate (CFR) among children 5–9 years was 10%, double that reported among adults ≥ 30 years (5%). NmC and pneumococcus accounted for 94% (172/184) and 5% (9/184) of the laboratory-confirmed cases, respectively. The sequenced NmC belonged to the ST-10217 clonal complex (CC). All serotyped pneumococci were PCV10 serotypes. The emergence of NmC ST-10217 CC outbreaks threatens the public health gains made by MenAfriVac, which calls for an urgent strategic action against meningitis outbreaks.

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“…The available data on meningococcemia in the African meningitis belt are sparse, but meningitis appears to be a more common clinical manifestation of N. meningitidis infection in this region than meningococcemia. Furthermore, in previous outbreaks, reported meningococcemia cases also presented with symptoms of meningitis ( 8 , 9 ). The high case-fatality rate is consistent with findings from other meningococcal disease outbreaks ( 7 , 8 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%