Comparative Study of Small Hydropower Turbine Efficiency at Low Head Water

Sritram, Piyawat; Suntivarakorn, Ratchaphon

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2017.10.181

Cited by 42 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The references Zhou and Deng (2017) and Sritram and Suntivarakorn (2017) The initial configuration of the ultra-low head turbine is based on the work of Martin et al (2016).…”

Section: Ultra-low Head Turbine Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of a Draft Tube using Statistical Techniques- DOE and 2D Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis

Botan

Gustavo

Filho

et al. 2021

JAFM

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The draft tube is one of the main components that integrate a turbine, since it has the function of recovering the residual kinetic energy after the runner by the pressure energy. The search for a draft tube design that increases the efficiency of the turbine is always an engineering challenge. The hydromechanics components geometry optimization can be accomplished through the integration of optimization methods and CFD tools. In this work, the geometric optimization of a double diffuser draft tube of a Bulb turbine applied to ultra-low heads is presented, with the objectives of maximizing the pressure recovery coefficient, Cp, and increasing the hydraulic efficiency of the turbine, ηh. These improvements would make it possible to reduce the longitudinal length of the draft tube, thereby, making an easier insertion of this kind of turbines in water transport systems, with pressures around 3 [mH2O]. The optimization methodology was performed in the meridional plane, using twelve geometric variables in the draft tube through the integration of optimization methods and computational fluid dynamics. The optimized geometry obtained showed an increase in the Cp value of 0.71516, from the original geometry, to 0.83080. The results were extended to the 3D flow analysis, where the optimized turbine showed efficiency gains of 82% to 84%, when compared to the original turbine considering that its total length was reduced and its geometry simplified, resulting in a more compact and versatile equipment. The study also concluded that the applied methodology can be extended to other similar optimization problems in the design of hydraulic machines.

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“…The references Zhou and Deng (2017) and Sritram and Suntivarakorn (2017) The initial configuration of the ultra-low head turbine is based on the work of Martin et al (2016).…”

Section: Ultra-low Head Turbine Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of a Draft Tube using Statistical Techniques- DOE and 2D Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis

Botan

Gustavo

Filho

et al. 2021

JAFM

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“…Although, the water turbine efficiency varies significantly, we assume 85% for commercial water turbines according to [15] [16]. However, other work suggested substantially lower values for small turbines, low pressure or low flow rates [17]. Using 85%, we obtain a value of 235 kW available as the shaft power.…”

Section: Energy Generation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Enthalpy Geothermal Springs for Power Generation—An Alternative Approach

Amoo¹

2019

OALib

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The Earth is under increasing stress owing to carbon emissions. Clean energy forms constitute an area of increasing technological interest. Geothermal energy is a clean alternative energy form that can be harnessed from the Earth's core. The use of geothermal energy resources is gaining substantial interest in many countries, as an integral part of 21 st century clean energy solutions and meeting stringent emission requirements. The objective of this research is to investigate an alternative approach to clean and renewable geothermal energy utilization through geothermal ground water pressure applied within a water turbine. The groundwater pressure from the candidate geothermal sites considered is applied to drive a water turbine for the generation of electrical energy. The geothermal candidate sites are low-temperature (i.e. <60˚C) geothermal springs, where it is not beneficial to apply low temperatures in a Rankine cycle steam turbine due to the low enthalpy. Simple calculations are conducted to estimate the electrical energy output of each candidate site. This may technically be regarded as a thermodynamic problem, albeit one that does not require full thermodynamic cycle analysis. The results of the simple non-rigorous analysis indicate that the electrical energy generation potential is greater when using geothermal water pressure (2.5 MW e ) than when using low geothermal temperature (0.005 MW e ).particularly high projected increase in energy demand. The deployment of alternative and clean energy forms will undoubtedly enhance socio-economic conditions, and over time, climate changes will also be reduced (that is, by preventing anthropogenic greenhouse gases from fossil fuels and the resulting warming).According to World Bank estimates, countries in SSA experience annual electrical power outages ranging from 50 h to 4600 h, which can be juxtaposed with the 8760 h available in a year. As a result, the majority of the populace rely on diesel-or-petrol generated internal combustion engine (ICE) to meet electrical energy needs. However, the cost of using such generators is significant. In the most populous nation in Africa, namely Nigeria, the mean net cost of electrical energy from ICE generators is approximately $14 billion annually, whereas in a smaller nation like Senegal it is approximately $4 million annually. These estimates are also higher than the cost of grid electricity. Also, in Nigeria, the unreliable electricity, costs the economy over $25 billion annually. The broader implications thereof include pollutant emissions that endanger both the environment and human health [1] [2].One of the many means of addressing the electrical energy deficit and improving the environment in developing nations may be through the use of renewable energy forms, such as geothermal energy. Diversifying energy resource generation will enhance energy security and help build an all-encompassing base in the mid-to-long-term energy situation. For example, according to the US Energy Information Administration, as of 2018, car...

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“…The gravitational water vortex is one form of mini/microhydro power plant that is being designed for the use of water energy with a very low head. Research on free vortex turbines is capable of producing a maximum mechanical efficiency of 35.92%, which is far higher than traditional water wheels, which only produce a maximum mechanical efficiency of 13.69% (Sritram and Suntivarakorn, 2017;Nishi and Inagaki, 2017). Previous research has shown that there are many factors that affect the efficiency of the free water vortex turbine, such as vortex pool design, configuration of the turbine and material, and changes in flow rate parameters (Power et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studi eksperimen kinerja turbin vortex berbasis gravitasi dengan sudu backward dan forward

Pamuji

Akbar²,

Rohman³

et al. 2021

DTM

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Nowadays, the use of hydro energy in Indonesia is still focused on large-scale hydropower development which has negative effects on the environment such as changes in the natural flow of rivers, disruption of the population of aquatic biota that live in these watersheds and has the risk of potential disasters if the dam fails. In fact, the energy potential from the mini-micro hydro source is 19,835 MW, but its utilization is still very low around 100 MW. Therefore, the extraction of water flow energy in the form of rivers and irrigation channels with very low head altitude differences is considered important and urgent so that a gravity vortex turbine-based mini / micro hydro research is proposed. Specifically, this study aims to analyze the performance of the vortex turbine with backward and forward blades in a conical basin through laboratory experimental devices. Experiments were carried out on a fluid flow rate of 120 liters per minute (lpm) and 100 lpm by loading using a prony brake dynamometer in order to obtain torque performance data on variations in turbine blade rotational speed. In this experiment, the results showed that the performance of the backward blade turbine was superior with its optimal efficiency reaching 36.7% at a discharge of 120 lpm and a rotating speed of 80 rpm than the forward blade which at a discharge of 120 lpm and a rotating speed of 80 rpm was only able to achieve its highest efficiency at 33.19%.

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Comparative Study of Small Hydropower Turbine Efficiency at Low Head Water

Cited by 42 publications

References 5 publications

Optimization of a Draft Tube using Statistical Techniques- DOE and 2D Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis

Optimization of a Draft Tube using Statistical Techniques- DOE and 2D Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis

Low-Enthalpy Geothermal Springs for Power Generation—An Alternative Approach

Studi eksperimen kinerja turbin vortex berbasis gravitasi dengan sudu backward dan forward

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