Comparative study of the application of chelating resins for rare earth recovery

Page, Michael; Soldenhoff, Karin; Ogden, Mark D.

doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2017.02.006

Cited by 91 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Strong-acid cation exchange resins show higher affinity for metal cations of higher charge . This is because their adsorption affinity is determined mainly by the valence of the metal cation (Page, et al, 2017). Unlike the weak-base anion exchange resins, strong-acid cation exchange resins have no complexing ability (Zagorodni, 2007).…”

Section: For Instance Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike the weak-base anion exchange resins, strong-acid cation exchange resins have no complexing ability (Zagorodni, 2007). It is thus suggested that sulfate complexation of Th(IV) ions may have affected their adsorption affinity for strong-acid cation exchange resins (Borai & Mady, 2002;Page, et al, 2017). This is likely because Th(IV) ions, due to sulfate complexation, can exist as ThSO 4 2+ ions in a H 2 SO 4 system (Kim & Osseo-Asare, 2012).…”

Section: For Instance Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effectiveness of ion exchange resins in separating uranium and thorium from rare earth elements in acidic aqueous sulfate media. Part 1. Anionic and cationic resins

Ang

Nikoloski

2017

Hydrometallurgy

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Conventional ion exchange resins with different functional groups were evaluated for their potential application in separating uranium U(VI) and thorium Th(IV) from rare earth elements RE(III). The resins studied comprised strong-and weak-base anion exchange resins, and strong-and weak-acid cation exchange resins. The selectivity of these resins to adsorb U(VI) and Th(IV) in the presence of selected RE(III) was examined in sulfuric acid media of varying concentrations. It was evident that the adsorption performance of the resins was acid concentration-dependent. Most candidate resins had potentially feasible selective adsorption at or below 0.1 mol/L H 2 SO 4 (pH ≥ 0.7). Within the group of anion exchange resins, both the strong-and weak-base resins exhibited a similar selectivity with U(VI) adsorbed in preference to RE(III). The difference between them was their adsorption of Th(IV). The weak-base resin with primary amine functional group demonstrated superior separation of Th(IV) from RE(III). For this resin, 78% of U(VI) and 68% of Th(IV) were adsorbed while RE(III) co-adsorption was less than 5% at 0.0005 mol/L H 2 SO 4 (pH 3). In the case of the strong-acid cation exchange resins, Th(IV) and RE(III) were adsorbed in preference to U(VI), i.e., RE(III) > Th(IV) >> U(VI). The weak-acid cation exchange resins, on the other hand, displayed limited adsorption of all elements.

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Section: For Instance Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: For Instance Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effectiveness of ion exchange resins in separating uranium and thorium from rare earth elements in acidic aqueous sulfate media. Part 1. Anionic and cationic resins

Ang

Nikoloski

2017

Hydrometallurgy

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“…HCl and chlorine are among the most effective leachants in the treatment of ores and materials containing metals [6]. Ion-exchange is a suitable technique to extract REEs from leach liquors [7], for instance by polyacrylate anion-exchanger resin (Amberlite IRA 958) [8], chemically modified Amberlite XAD-4 [9], as well as resins containing mixed sulfonic/phosphonic, amino-phosphonic or iminodiacetic acid functional groups [10]. Bioleaching is an environmentally-friendly technique whose results are still scant: the maximum REE leaching yield was 49%, achieved by Gluconobacter oxydans, that mainly synthesizes gluconic acid [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of CO₂ by synthetic zeolites

et al. 2020

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The paper reports on a possible way to recycle fluid catalytic cracking catalysts (FCCCs), widely used in oil refining operations. This research proposes a novel approach that leads to a near zero-waste process. The spent FCCC was leached by 1.5 mol/L of HNO3, HCl and H2SO4 solutions at 80°C, for 3 h with a solid to liquid ratio of 20 %wt/vol. The leaching yields for cerium and lanthanum were in the range 69-82 %. The solid residues from the leaching stage were used as base material for the synthesis of the zeolites by means of a combined thermal-hydrothermal treatment. The characterization of the zeolites demonstrated that the Na-A phase was predominant over the Na-X phase. The zeolites were tested as sorbent material for CO2 separation from CH4, in order to simulate the upgrading of biogas to biomethane. The maximum adsorption rate of CO2 was 0.778 mol CO2/kg of zeolite at 3 bar, with a resulting CH4 recovery of 62 % and purity of 97 %vol. The zeolites synthesized from spent FCCC represent a feasible solution to recover such industrial waste.

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“…Besides selective precipitation [18], the most used technique for extraction and the further refining of REs from leach liquors is solvent extraction [18][19][20]. Ion-exchange is another hydrometallurgical technique that was used to extract REEs from leach liquors [21][22][23][24]. Bioleaching was also investigated to obtain an environmentally friendly process [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spent FCC E-Cat: Towards a Circular Approach in the Oil Refining Industry

et al. 2018

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Every year the oil refining industry consumes thousand tons of fluid catalytic cracking zeolite from the E-cat generated in the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit. In the present paper, a new process for recycling of fluid catalytic cracking catalysts (FCCCs) is presented. The process, previously tested at laboratory scale, was simulated by SuperPro Designer catalysts (FCCCs, also known as equilibrium catalysts, E-cat), which are mainly landfilled. Their intrinsic value is quite low and the content of rare earth elements (REEs), as lanthanum and cerium oxides, is around 3%wt. Moreover, their reuse in other industrial processes as raw material is very scarce. For each metric ton of spent FCCC treated for recovery of REEs, nearly the same amount of waste is generated from the process, the majority of which is represented by the solid residue resulting from the leaching stage. The manuscript presents a technological study and an economic analysis for the recovery of REEs, as well as the production of synthetic © software package. The plant was designed for a capacity of 4000 metric tons per year. The discounted cash flow (DCF) method was applied and Net Present Value (NPV) equal to about two-million € and Discounted Payback Time (DPBT) equal to two years defined the profitability of the process for recycling of FCCCs. This result depends on the selling price of zeolite. Consequently, a break-even point (BEP) analysis was conducted on this critical variable and the condition of economic feasibility was verified with a price of 1070 €/ton. This study tried to implement recycling strategies towards circular economy models.

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Comparative study of the application of chelating resins for rare earth recovery

Cited by 91 publications

References 28 publications

The effectiveness of ion exchange resins in separating uranium and thorium from rare earth elements in acidic aqueous sulfate media. Part 1. Anionic and cationic resins

The effectiveness of ion exchange resins in separating uranium and thorium from rare earth elements in acidic aqueous sulfate media. Part 1. Anionic and cationic resins

Adsorption of CO₂ by synthetic zeolites

Spent FCC E-Cat: Towards a Circular Approach in the Oil Refining Industry

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Comparative study of the application of chelating resins for rare earth recovery

Cited by 91 publications

References 28 publications

The effectiveness of ion exchange resins in separating uranium and thorium from rare earth elements in acidic aqueous sulfate media. Part 1. Anionic and cationic resins

The effectiveness of ion exchange resins in separating uranium and thorium from rare earth elements in acidic aqueous sulfate media. Part 1. Anionic and cationic resins

Adsorption of CO2 by synthetic zeolites

Spent FCC E-Cat: Towards a Circular Approach in the Oil Refining Industry

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Product

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Adsorption of CO₂ by synthetic zeolites