Comparative Study of the Reinforcement Type Effect on the Thermomechanical Properties and Burning of Epoxy-Based Composites

Abstract

Aramid (AF), glass (GF), carbon (CF), basalt (BF), and flax (FF) fibers in the form of fabrics were used to produce the composites by hand-lay up method. The use of fabrics of similar grammage for composites’ manufacturing allowed for a comprehensive comparison of the properties of the final products. The most important task was to prepare a complex setup of mechanical and thermomechanical properties, supplemented by fire behavior analysis, and discuss both characteristics in their application range. The mechanical properties were investigated using tensile and flexural tests, as well as impact strength measurement. The investigation was improved by assessing thermomechanical properties under dynamic deformation conditions (dynamic mechanical–thermal analysis (DMTA)). All products were subjected to a fire test carried out using a cone calorimeter (CC).

Thermomechanical and Fire Properties of Polyethylene-Composite-Filled Ammonium Polyphosphate and Inorganic Fillers: An Evaluation of Their Modification Efficiency

“…Bands related to the vibrations of single phosphorous-oxygen bonds were also noted around 800 and 880 cm −1 [38]. Moreover, materials containing basalt and vermiculite fillers show small signals in the range 990-1010 cm −1 , typical for stretching Si-O bonds, as reported in previous work [39]. Bending vibrations of these bands were expressed by the signals around 450 cm −1 .…”

The Effect of Manufacture Process on Mechanical Properties and Burning Behavior of Epoxy-Based Hybrid Composites

“…In the case of bending, the final flexural strength of the laminates depends on the crack propagation mechanism resulting from interlaminar adhesion and the tensile strength of the external layer [ 35 ]. Epoxy composites with aramid fibers are characterized by higher tensile strength than glass fibers [ 32 , 36 ]; therefore, the obtained results may be related to this effect. Similarly, both composites made by resin infusion were characterized by flexural strength above 150 MPa, and the highest value (190 MPa) was obtained for the AGCBF.…”

“…Each composite consisted of five two-ply layers and was produced in two different arrangements: glass/aramid/carbon/basalt/flax (GACBF) or aramid/glass/carbon/basalt/flax (AGCBF), and Table 1 summarizes the configurations of produced specimens. The fabrics layout was based on preliminary research presented in [ 32 ]. The results of tests carried out using the cone calorimeter were the most significant in selecting the sequence of fabrics.…”

Effect of the Glass Fiber Content of a Polybutylene Terephthalate Reinforced Composite Structure on Physical and Mechanical Characteristics

“…Similar failure mechanisms were reported for composite based of PLA, Polyethersulfone, PA66, and PVC polymers reinforced by GF [ 3 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. According to the literature the shape and aspect of the ignited area depends on the type and rate of reinforcement [ 4 ].…”

“…and the type of stress during assembly are inter-correlated to the failure mode of a composite material. The reinforcement rate impacts the behavior of the material [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. The main purpose of short GF reinforcement is to enhance the mechanical characteristics in terms of rigidity and mechanical resistance.…”