Comparative Study of Two Methods of Enteric Virus Detection and Enteric Virus Relationship with Bacterial Indicator in Poyang Lake, Jiangxi, China

Abstract

Currently, water contaminated with fecal matter poses a threat to public health and safety. Thus, enteric viruses are tested for as a part of water quality indicator assays; however, enteric viruses have not yet been listed in the criteria. Effective and sensitive methods for detecting enteric viruses are required in order to increase water safety. This study utilized enteric viruses as possible alternative indicators of water quality to examine fresh water in six sites in Poyang Lake, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province. The presence of norovirus geno-groups II (NoV GII), enteroviruses (EoV) and adenoviruses (AdV) were determined using Tianjin’s protocol and Hawaii’s protocol during a six month period from 2016–2017. The former used an electropositive material method for viral concentration and Taqman-q reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect enteric viruses; while the latter used a filtration-based method for viral concentration and RT-PCR for enteric virus detection. There is a statistically significant difference between Tianjin’s method and Hawaii’s method for the detection of enteric viruses, such as NoV GII, EoV, and AdV (n = 36, p < 0.001). The enteric viruses showed no significant positive correlation with bacteria indicators (n = 36, p > 0.05). These data stress the need for additional indicators when establishing water quality systems, and the possibility of using enteric viruses as water quality indicators. It has become essential to improve shortcomings in order to search for an adequate method to detect enteric viruses in water and to implement such method in water quality monitoring.

Prevalence of Enterovirus in Water Consumed in Rural Areas in a State in the Midwest Region of Brazil

“…For enterovirus research and that of other pathogenic viruses, regardless of the source of the water, the detection process takes place in the following steps: determining the concentration of the water sample and then virus detection using molecular techniques [28,79]. The PCR technique has its main advantage of high specificity and sensitivity, it is capable of detecting viruses that may or may not be cultivated in cells and its results are fast, managing to be completed in hours.…”