Comparative Study on Functional Components, Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of <i>Amaranthus Caudatus</i> L. Oils Obtained by Different Solvents Extraction

Abstract

g crude fat, it is found that Amaranthus caudatus L. oil has unique nutritional characteristics e.g., vitamin E, polyphenols, sterols and other trace active components with a potential stronger antioxidant activity than ordinary oils 6,7 . Amaranthus caudatus L. oil contains among others linoleic acid up to 50 , tocopherols 802 mg/ kg , total sterols 2460 mg/100 g and squalene 4.16 g/kg of seed 8,9 . These components have shown remarkable antioxidant activity, benefits to nutrition and cardiovascular system health 10 . Efficient techniques had been used to recover oil from the plant resources, such as solvent extraction, pressing, subcritical extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, ultrasound-and enzyme-assisted extraction. Comparatively, solvent extraction provides efficient oil recovery, low-cost and low-energy consumption. In addition, both the extraction efficiency and oils activities were depended on the methods as well as the solvent used 11,12 . As we known, various compounds with different chemical characteristics and polarities have different solubility in a Abstract: Functional compositions, physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of Amaranthus caudatus L. oils (ACO) obtained by different solvents were comparatively investigated. All the resulted ACO were enrich in 75% unsaturated fatty acid and in squalene of about 4 g/100 g. Different solvents showed varying in oil extraction, where acetone results a highest yield of 6.80 g/100 g. ACO extracted by ethanol showed a highest tocopherol (1351.26 mg/kg), polyphenols (211.28 mg/kg) and squalene (42519.13 mg/kg). However, phytosterols in ACO extracted by hexane (27571.20 mg/kg) was higher than that by acetone (19789.91 mg/kg), ethanol (22015.73 mg/kg) and petroleum ether (24763.30 mg/kg). Furthermore, antioxidant activity of ACO was also measured by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assay. According to principal component and correlation analysis, squalene was correlated with the DPPH scavenging ability, but phytosterols and tocopherols was correlated with the ABTS and ferric reducing ability of the oils, respectively. This study provides a promising excellent source of functional oil for food industries.

Seed Priming Effects on Seed Quality and Antioxidant System in the Seedlings of Amaranthus Tricolor L.

“…The seed germination and initial growth are vulnerable stages dependent on environmental conditions in Amaranthus tricolor L. cv. Valentina and other crop plants (Ashraf et al, 2002;Raja et al, 2020;Hu et al, 2021;Kandel et al, 2021;Novák et al, 2021). The study suggested the pre-sowing treatment of amaranth seeds with growth stimulants to improve the seed quality, increase the biomass, and the effectiveness of seedling defense systems by activating the synthesis of low molecular weight antioxidants.…”

Seed Priming Effects on Morphological Traits of Amaranthus Hypochondriacus Under Optimal and Low Temperatures

“…Germination friendliness can be characterized by the term germination rate (Vaseem et al, 2020;Motyleva et al, 2021). Amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.) is a heat-loving pseudocereal plant, widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions of the world (Hu et al, 2021;Kandel et al, 2021). Amaranth is an annual crop usually sown in early spring in warm countries.…”