Comparative Time-Course Physiological Responses and Proteomic Analysis of Melatonin Priming on Promoting Germination in Aged Oat (Avena sativa L.) Seeds

Abstract

Melatonin priming is an effective strategy to improve the germination of aged oat (Avena sativa L.) seeds, but the mechanism involved in its time-course responses has remained largely unknown. In the present study, the phenotypic differences, ultrastructural changes, physiological characteristics, and proteomic profiles were examined in aged and melatonin-primed seed (with 10 μM melatonin treatment for 12, 24, and 36 h). Thus, 36 h priming (T36) had a better remediation effect on aged seeds, reflecting in the improved germinability and seedlings, relatively intact cell ultrastructures, and enhanced antioxidant capacity. Proteomic analysis revealed 201 differentially abundant proteins between aged and T36 seeds, of which 96 were up-accumulated. In melatonin-primed seeds, the restoration of membrane integrity by improved antioxidant capacity, which was affected by the stimulation of jasmonic acid synthesis via up-accumulation of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductase, might be a candidate mechanism. Moreover, the relatively intact ultrastructures enabled amino acid metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, which were closely associated with energy generation through intermediates of pyruvate, phosphoenolpyruvate, fumarate, and α-ketoglutarate, thus providing energy, active amino acids, and secondary metabolites necessary for germination improvement of aged seeds. These findings clarify the time-course related pathways associated with melatonin priming on promoting the germination of aged oat seeds.

Insights into the proteomic profile of newly harvested corn and metagenomic analysis of the broiler intestinal microbiota

“…Proteomics is an important tool that can be used to determine the biological roles and functions of individual proteins that govern grain seed quality and allow for the systematic analysis of complex cellular mechanisms [ 9 ]. Reports of corn proteome expression during the artificial aging period indicate that artificial aging would increase proteases and breakdown stored proteins, and impair metabolism and energy supplies [ 10 , 11 ].…”

PSII Activity Was Inhibited at Flowering Stage with Developing Black Bracts of Oat

“…Oat, an important annual cereal crop grown worldwide, can provide proteins, soluble fibers (β-glucans), unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants [35,36]. It has become increasingly more attractive in recent years due to the discovery of its many health benefits such as lowering cholesterol and reducing glycemic response [37].…”

Hydro-Electro Hybrid Priming Promotes Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Seed Germination by Activating Lipid Utilization and Respiratory Metabolism

“…It is undeniable that seed germination requires abundant energy and carbon skeletons [8,23,43]. Seeds store oil in the form of TAG in oleosomes to meet the energy demand of heterotrophic-to-autotrophic conversion during seed germination and seedling formation [44,45].…”

“…As an effective presowing treatment technique to improve seed vigor, seed priming enables seeds to reach the pregermination stage when the radicle is about to break through the seed coat, thus allowing the seeds to carry out the metabolic process related to germination in advance [7,8]. Studies on a variety of crops have demonstrated that seed priming improves the germination characteristics and promotes seedling growth [9][10][11].…”