Comparative Toxicity of Crude oil, Dispersant and Crude Oil-Plus-Dispersant to Tilapia guineensis

Ndimele, Prince Emeka; Jenyo‐Oni, Adetola; Jibuike, C. C.

doi:10.3923/rjet.2010.13.22

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The safe concentration was determined by multiplying LC50 with a factor of 0.01 (Koesoemadinate, 1980) which gave a value of 0.639% Xylene for Clarias gariepinus (with mean weight of 10.23±2.60g, and mean length 15.20±2.3cm). The value of 96 hour LC50 for xylene reported in this study differed from those of whole crude oil exposed to fingerlings of Clarias gariepinus which gave values of 125.89mg/l as reported by Ndimele et al, 2010) and 9.355ml/l (Michael et al, 2012). Udofia (2010) reported 1.069 ml/l for Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus exposed to Qua Iboe Light crude oil and 2.449 ml/l for petrol; 7.839ml/l for diesel and 8.095 for kerosene reported for fingerlings of Clarias gariepinus exposed to petroleum products (Michael et al, 2012).…”

Section: Median Lethal Concentration (Lc50) and Median Lethal Time (Lcontrasting

confidence: 72%

Acute Toxicity of Xylene on the African Catfish <i>Clarias gariepinus</i>

Davies¹,

Erondu²,

Hart³

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

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Acute toxicity of xylene on an African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) was carried out. A total of 210 catfish C. gariepinus juveniles with mean length 15.20±2.3cm, and mean weight of 10.23±2.6g were obtained from the University of Port Harcourt Demonstration Farm. The test was determined for 96hour median lethal concentration using concentrations of 250ml/l, 200ml/l, 150ml/l, 100ml/l, 50ml/l, 25ml/l and 0.0ml/l (control) which gave a LC50 value of 63.965ml/l with upper and lower confidence limits at 106.53 ml/l and 37.82ml/l respectively. The median lethal time LT50 recorded was 55.7 hours. There was a strong correlation between (%) mortality in Probits and the Log10 Dose (R²=0.9772). There was statistical significance (P>0.05) in the number of mortality observed in the six concentrations from 24 hours to 96 hours of exposure and high percentage mortalities were recorded as the concentration of the toxicant increased. No mortalities were recorded in the control. The cumulative mortality recorded after exposure of C. gariepinus to xylene was time dependent. Based on this the high percentage mortalities of the fish species it is therefore recommended that the use of this chemical be minimized and proper contingency plans be carried out before discharging this toxicants into the aquatic environment. Waste from this chemical and spill incidences should be detoxified to a less toxic level before disposing into the aquatic environment. The results obtained may provide valuable information for formulation of environmental policies and serve as a model for bio-monitoring of the aquatic environment.

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Section: Median Lethal Concentration (Lc50) and Median Lethal Time (Lcontrasting

confidence: 72%

Acute Toxicity of Xylene on the African Catfish <i>Clarias gariepinus</i>

Davies¹,

Erondu²,

Hart³

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

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“…During the acclimatization, three quarters of the test water were changed daily by siphoning out the spent water (Ndimele et al 2010). The tanks were monitored daily for fish mortality.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Acute Exposure to Endosulfan (Organochlorine Pesticides) on Hematology of African Mud Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)

Ndimele

Jenyo‐Oni

Kumolu-Johnson

et al. 2015

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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Changes in the blood parameters of fingerlings of Clarias gariepinus were investigated after 24 and 96-h of exposures to endosulfan. 180 fingerlings of C. gariepinus [mean weight (10.5±1.3 g); total length (11.2±1.2 cm)] were exposed to five different concentrations (1.00, 2.20, 4.80, 11.00, 23.00 µg/L) of endosulfan and a control for 96 h after being acclimatized for 21 days. After 24 h of exposure, microcytic hypochromic anemia was observed and all erythrocyte profiles tested showed significant variation (p<0.05) among the treatments except thrombocyte and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. Macrocytic hyperchromic anemia was noticed after 96 h of exposure and all the hematological parameters varied significantly (p<0.05) except packed cell volume and red blood cell count. The study shows that endosulfan alters the hematology of C. gariepinus fingerlings. Therefore, awareness on the hazards associated with the use of endosulfan should be intensified and sound sustainable alternatives to endosulfan should be developed.

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“…Generally, various studies on crude oil have revealed that it has serious deleterious effects on soils (Erdogan and Karaca, 2011;Jeroh et al, 2011;Mary and Dolor, 2007), plants (Baek et al, 2004;Agbogidi et al, 2007), aquatic life (Ndimele et al, 2010;Daka and Ekweozor, 2004) and even organisms such as the macrobenthic invertebrates (Arimoro and Adamu, 2008). Commonly reported effects of acute exposure to crude oil through inhalation or ingestion include: difficulty in breathing, headaches, nausea, confusion and other central nervous system effects (Akpofure et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical, haematological and histological effects following Escravos crude oil ingestion by Chinchilla rabbits

Okoye¹,

Ngokere²,

Okeke³

2014

Int. J. Med. Med. Sci.

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The negative consequences of crude oil exploration and exploitation on the health status of exposed individuals cannot be over emphasized, regardless of its financial benefits. Besides, consumption of this crude oil by the rural populace living in oil rich regions as traditional medicine for illnesses have raised local and international questions as to its safety. The aim of this study was to investigate the pathological effects related to Escravos crude oil ingestion by Chinchilla rabbits. A total of thirty Chinchilla rabbits of age twelve to fourteen weeks and weighing 1.2 to 1.45 kg was used. Crude oil was orally given at the dose of 15, 20, 25 and 30 mg/kg body weight, corresponding to groups B, C, D and E, respectively for 28 days, while group A was the Control. The result showed a significant increase in the total white blood cell, monocyte, granulolytic leucocyte, platelet counts, C-reactive protein and serum creatinine (p < 0.05). Microscopy of the stained tissue sections showed marked deposition of collagen fibers, glomerulonephritis and atrophic glomeruli among others. There is an agreement between the biochemical, haematological and histological findings. Thus, Escravos crude oil is suggested to have a potential to cause haematoxicity and alter the architecture of the kidney.

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Comparative Toxicity of Crude oil, Dispersant and Crude Oil-Plus-Dispersant to Tilapia guineensis

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Acute Toxicity of Xylene on the African Catfish <i>Clarias gariepinus</i>

Acute Toxicity of Xylene on the African Catfish <i>Clarias gariepinus</i>

Effects of Acute Exposure to Endosulfan (Organochlorine Pesticides) on Hematology of African Mud Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)

Biochemical, haematological and histological effects following Escravos crude oil ingestion by Chinchilla rabbits

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