Effects of Acute Exposure to Endosulfan (Organochlorine Pesticides) on Hematology of African Mud Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)

Ndimele, Prince Emeka; Jenyo‐Oni, Adetola; Kumolu-Johnson, C. A.; Chukwuka, K. S.; Onuoha, S.

doi:10.1007/s00128-015-1504-x

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The substantial increment in leukocyte count in the current investigation may be attributed to general immune response and a defensive response of CYP. According to (Ndimele et al, 2015), hemoglobin, red blood cells, MCV and MCHC decreased significantly while WBC and Thrombocyte increased in Clarias gariepinus as a result of acute exposure to Endosulfan. Similarly, hematological examination reported by (Kavitha et al, 2012) revealed a significant reduction in Hb, HCT, RBC and MCHC levels in fish exposed to Moringa oleifera seed extract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of Sub-Lethal Concentration of Cypermethrin on Histopathological and Hematological Profile of Rohu (Labeo rohita) during Acute Toxicity

Khan¹

2018

IJAB

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The present investigation was designed to understand the lethal effects of Cypermethrin (CYP); an active pyrethroid, a widely used against an extensive range of pests in agriculture. In this study, Rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) was subjected to the treatment with three sub-lethal concentrations (0.50, 1.00 and 1.5 ppb) of CYP for a total period of 96 h. The results obtained indicated significant stress in the studied fish due to pesticide intoxication. Pronounced effects of CYP on fish hematology included significant increase (p<0.05) in white blood cells (WBCs), platelets and blood glucose level in treated group compared to control group. Conversely; however, substantial decrease in red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin (Hb) level, hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) was noticed among the treated group related to control group (p<0.05). Similarly, the histopathological lesions in the gills of exposed fish included lamellar disorder, disruption of cartilaginous core, epithelial lifting, blood mobbing, damage to secondary lamellae, fusion of secondary gills lamellae, twisting and shortening of secondary gills lamellae and degeneration and atrophy. While liver exhibited dissolution of cell membrane, Pyknosis, blood congestion, necrosis, hyperplasia and vacuolations; intestine was characterized by symptoms like necrosis, hemorrhages, over production of goblet cells in villi, disintegration, fusion and shortening of villi. In summary, we reported marked impacts of CYP on both hematological and histopathological traits of L. rohita. These, findings warrant that the indiscriminate use of CYP significantly increased WBCs, platelets and blood glucose level whereas it decreased RBCs, Hb, HCT, MCV, MCH and MCHC respectively. It also significantly affected the histopathology such as disruption of gills, liver and intestine architecture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of Sub-Lethal Concentration of Cypermethrin on Histopathological and Hematological Profile of Rohu (Labeo rohita) during Acute Toxicity

Khan¹

2018

IJAB

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“…The African sharptooth catfish, C. gariepinus is a highly economical and ecologically relevant fish species [26]. It belongs to the family Clariidae and is a common model fish species utilized for aquatic toxicological studies among other animal experimental studies in Nigeria [27][28][29][30]. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of sublethal (environmentally relevant) concentrations of two pesticides (dichlorvos and paraquat) in C. gariepinus for 28 days.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sublethal concentrations of dichlorvos and paraquat induce genotoxic and histological effects in the Clarias gariepinus

Oladokun

Sogbanmu

Anikwe

2020

Environ Anal Health Toxicol

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Non-target aquatic organisms such as fish may be impacted by agricultural activities through the runoff of pesticides from farms into aquatic ecosystems. In this study, the genotoxic (erythrocytic micronuclei) and histological effects of sublethal concentrations (1% and 10% of 96-h median lethal concentration (LC50) values) of two pesticides (dichlorvos and paraquat) were evaluated in Clarias gariepinus (the African Sharptooth Catfish) for 28 days. The 96-h LC50 of dichlorvos and paraquat against fingerlings of C. gariepinus was 730 µg/L and 50 µg/L, respectively. There was a significant dose-dependent increase (p<0.05) in micronuclei in the erythrocytes of exposed C. gariepinus (2.00±0.82 ‰ to 3.25±1.26 ‰ for dichlorvos and 2.25±0.96 ‰ to 4.75±0.96 ‰ for paraquat) compared to control (0.75±0.96 ‰) by day 28. Gill histological alterations such as mild to severe necrosis and blunting of secondary lamellae were observed in C. gariepinus exposed to higher sublethal concentrations of both pesticides. This study showed that non-target aquatic organisms like C. gariepinus may be at risk of adverse biological effects from exposure to pesticides from non-point sources. We recommend environmental monitoring and sensitization on responsible pesticide use to stakeholders. This will forestall potential adverse ecological effects in aquatic ecosystems.

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“…Information about the hematological characteristics is an imperative tool that can be used as a sensitive and effective index to check the pathophysiological variations in fish and exposure to pollutants, i.e., insecticides/herbicides can change hematological parameters such as eosinophils [ 10 , 19 , 39 , 57 ]. The data of the present study showed a significant ( P < 0.05) increase in erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, hematocrit, hemoglobin, and erythrocytic indices in exposed groups with pendimethalin as compared to the corresponding values recorded in the control group, and this might be due to the presence of greater amounts of herbicides in water which may have exerted a greater and more lasting effect on the hematological profile of fish [ 58 ]. This could also be due to hemoconcentration and polycythemia and attributable to a reduction in the amount of oxygen dissolved in water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Clinicohematological, Mutagenic, and Oxidative Stress Induced by Pendimethalin in Freshwater Fish Bighead Carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis)

Wang

Hussain

Ghaffar

et al. 2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Currently, aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems are continuously and chronically polluted by cocktails of countless chemical compounds. The susceptibility to infections is tremendously increasing in a variety of organisms due to exposure to environmental pollutants. Pendimethalin, an herbicide, is continuously used in agriculture to remove unwanted broadleaf weeds across the globe. Therefore, this study investigates the mechanisms of toxicity of pendimethalin in freshwater fish bighead carp upon exposure to low and environmentally relevant concentrations. For this purpose, 48 fish without any clinical abnormalities were kept in a glass aquarium in different experimental groups (T0, T1, T2, and T3). These groups were treated with pendimethalin at 0.00, 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 mg/L, respectively. Four fish were randomly picked from each experimental group and killed at 72, 96, and 120 hours of the trial to study hematobiochemical parameters and visceral tissues including the brain, liver, heart, gills, and kidneys for histopathology. Herbicide-treated fish indicated various physical and behavioral abnormalities including hypersecretion of mucus, erratic swimming, operculum movement, air gulping, tremors of fins, loss of equilibrium, and increased surface breathing. Histopathologically, gills tissues of treated fish indicated atrophied lamellae, uplifting of secondary lamellae, necrosis of primary and secondary lamellar epithelial cells, telogenesis, congestion, and lamellar fusion. Histopathological examination of liver tissues of treated fish showed mild to moderate congestion, necrosis of hepatocytes, and atrophy of hepatocytes while kidneys revealed degeneration of renal tubules, glomerular atrophy, ceroid, and necrosis of renal tubules. The erythrocyte counts, monocyte and lymphocyte counts, and hemoglobin values were significantly ( P < 0.05 ) reduced in pendimethalin-treated fish. Results on serum biochemistry showed that the biomarkers of kidneys, heart, and liver were significantly higher in fish of treated groups. In addition, values of different biochemical reactions like reactive oxygen species (ROS), thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), total proteins, and quantity of different antioxidant enzymes including reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly different when compared to untreated fish. Moreover, the percentile of different nuclear abnormalities in red blood cells and frequency of DNA damage increased significantly in treated fish. It can be concluded from the findings that pendimethalin causes its toxic effects via disruption of physiological and hematobiochemical reactions of fish.

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Effects of Acute Exposure to Endosulfan (Organochlorine Pesticides) on Hematology of African Mud Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of Sub-Lethal Concentration of Cypermethrin on Histopathological and Hematological Profile of Rohu (Labeo rohita) during Acute Toxicity

Effects of Sub-Lethal Concentration of Cypermethrin on Histopathological and Hematological Profile of Rohu (Labeo rohita) during Acute Toxicity

Sublethal concentrations of dichlorvos and paraquat induce genotoxic and histological effects in the Clarias gariepinus

Clinicohematological, Mutagenic, and Oxidative Stress Induced by Pendimethalin in Freshwater Fish Bighead Carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis)

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