Comparative transcriptome analyses of a table grape ‘Summer Black’ and its early-ripening mutant ‘Tiangong Moyu’ identify candidate genes potentially involved in berry development and ripening

Wei, Lingzhu; Cao, Yue; Cheng, Jianhui; Jiang, Xiang; Shen, Biwei; Wu, Jiang

doi:10.1080/17429145.2020.1760367

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Gene editing experiments with grapevines, or other TA-accumulating models mentioned above, would be highly suited to this purpose, targeting Vv2kgr and VvLidh3 in the first instance but also new candidates that arise from in silico and QTL analyses. Measurement of H 2 O 2 evolution and TA localization in berries of cultivars that harbor different oxygen distribution patterns, such as those reported by Xiao et al (2018) , could be explored, as could the use of plant growth regulators that alter the timing of ripening ( Böttcher et al, 2011 , 2012 , 2013b ), or mutants with altered ripening times ( Wei et al, 2020 ), to test the relationship between the oxidative burst and TA/Asc metabolism at veraison. A fleshless grape berry mutant, where TA accumulates to normal levels but the lack of mesophyll results in lower MA content ( Fernandez et al, 2006 ), could also be a useful tool for investigating the dynamics of Asc metabolism and TA biosynthesis in grapes, and to determine whether metabolism in the flesh is required to support the oxidative burst observed in the skins.…”

Section: Future Directions For Tartaric Acid Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis and Cellular Functions of Tartaric Acid in Grapevines

et al. 2021

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Tartaric acid (TA) is an obscure end point to the catabolism of ascorbic acid (Asc). Here, it is proposed as a “specialized primary metabolite”, originating from carbohydrate metabolism but with restricted distribution within the plant kingdom and lack of known function in primary metabolic pathways. Grapes fall into the list of high TA-accumulators, with biosynthesis occurring in both leaf and berry. Very little is known of the TA biosynthetic pathway enzymes in any plant species, although recently some progress has been made in this space. New technologies in grapevine research such as the development of global co-expression network analysis tools and genome-wide association studies, should enable more rapid progress. There is also a lack of information regarding roles for this organic acid in plant metabolism. Therefore this review aims to briefly summarize current knowledge about the key intermediates and enzymes of TA biosynthesis in grapes and the regulation of its precursor, ascorbate, followed by speculative discussion around the potential roles of TA based on current knowledge of Asc metabolism, TA biosynthetic enzymes and other aspects of fruit metabolism.

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Section: Future Directions For Tartaric Acid Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis and Cellular Functions of Tartaric Acid in Grapevines

et al. 2021

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“…In the study of Deng et al, SUNRED (a biostimulant) treatments increased the expression of genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway, such as PAL, CHI, DFR, F3H, CHS, and UFGT at 90 days after anthesis [45]. The FPKM of CHI, CHS, and F3H in 'Summer Black' gradually increased from 14 to 70 days after anthesis, while those of its early-ripening mutant 'Tiangong Moyu' increased and then decreased, reaching the highest value at 56 days after anthesis [49]. In our study, VIT_16s0039g01130 (PAL), VIT_11s0065g00350 (CYP73A), VIT_16s0039g02040 (4CL), VIT_16s0022g01020 (CHS), and VIT_18s0001g14310 (F3H) in the T2 treatment significantly increased than that in T1 and CK treatments at 90 DAFB.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Foliar Application of K2SO4 or KH2PO4 on Skin Color of the ‘Kyoho’ Grape

Jia

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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Anthocyanins in red grape skin have a positive effect on fruit color and human health. The effect of foliar potassium application on anthocyanin accumulation in grape skin is not well understood. The study aimed to better understand the mechanism of anthocyanin accumulation in grape skin in response to foliar sprays of K2SO4 and KH2PO4. In this study, we investigated the effects of foliar application of KH2PO4 (T2), K2SO4 (T1) and distilled water (CK) on the skin color of ‘Kyoho’ grapes at mid-ripe and mature stages. At 90 and 110 days after full bloom (DAFB), T2 had the greatest total soluble solids (TSS), flavonoid and total anthocyanin contents, followed by T1 and CK. At two stages, the titratable acid content decreased and the juice pH increased under T2 treatment relative to CK. T1 and T2 had lower lightness (L*) than CK, and the color index of red grapes (CIRG) under T1 and T2 increased at two stages compared to CK. KEGG metabolic pathway analysis revealed that flavonoid biosynthesis was the most significantly enriched pathway in CK vs. T2 at 90 and 110 DAFB. At 90 DAFB, T2 had higher expressions of phenylalanine ammonia-lyas (PAL), cytochrome P450 CYP73A100 (CYP73A), 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL), chalcone synthase (CHS), flavanone 3-dioxygenase-like (F3H) and UDP glucose: flavonoid 3-o-glucosyl transferase (UFGT) than CK and T1. Foliar application of potassium fertilizer may accelerate anthocyanin accumulation by altering the transcript levels of PAL, CYP73A, 4CL, CHS, F3H, and UFGT of the flavonoid biosynthesis.

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“…Furthermore, a set of veraison-specific genes was defined from the DEGs detected at the intersection of development stages BBCH79 (one developmental BBCH stage before veraison) to BBCH81 (onset of ripening / veraison; time points 2014: DAF35-41; 2017: DAF42-49). To test for biological relevance of the subsets, all DEGs were screened to their occurrence in similar relevant studies [ 9 , 27 , 28 , 30 , 34 , 41 , 81 , 82 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic analysis of temporal shifts in berry development between two grapevine cultivars of the Pinot family reveals potential genes controlling ripening time

et al. 2021

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Background Grapevine cultivars of the Pinot family represent clonally propagated mutants with major phenotypic and physiological differences, such as different colour or shifted ripening time, as well as changes in important viticultural traits. Specifically, the cultivars ‘Pinot Noir’ (PN) and ‘Pinot Noir Precoce’ (PNP, early ripening) flower at the same time, but vary in the beginning of berry ripening (veraison) and, consequently, harvest time. In addition to genotype, seasonal climatic conditions (i.e. high temperatures) also affect ripening times. To reveal possible regulatory genes that affect the timing of veraison onset, we investigated differences in gene expression profiles between PN and PNP throughout berry development with a closely meshed time series and over two separate years. Results The difference in the duration of berry formation between PN and PNP was quantified to be approximately two weeks under the growth conditions applied, using plant material with a proven PN and PNP clonal relationship. Clusters of co-expressed genes and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected which reflect the shift in the timing of veraison onset. Functional annotation of these DEGs fit to observed phenotypic and physiological changes during berry development. In total, we observed 3,342 DEGs in 2014 and 2,745 DEGs in 2017 between PN and PNP, with 1,923 DEGs across both years. Among these, 388 DEGs were identified as veraison-specific and 12 were considered as berry ripening time regulatory candidates. The expression profiles revealed two candidate genes for ripening time control which we designated VviRTIC1 and VviRTIC2 (VIT_210s0071g01145 and VIT_200s0366g00020, respectively). These genes likely contribute the phenotypic differences observed between PN and PNP. Conclusions Many of the 1,923 DEGs show highly similar expression profiles in both cultivars if the patterns are aligned according to developmental stage. In our work, putative genes differentially expressed between PNP and PN which could control ripening time as well as veraison-specific genes were identified. We point out connections of these genes to molecular events during berry development and discuss potential candidate genes which may control ripening time. Two of these candidates were observed to be differentially expressed in the early berry development phase. Several down-regulated genes during berry ripening are annotated as auxin response factors / ARFs. Conceivably, general changes in auxin signaling may cause the earlier ripening phenotype of PNP.

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Comparative transcriptome analyses of a table grape ‘Summer Black’ and its early-ripening mutant ‘Tiangong Moyu’ identify candidate genes potentially involved in berry development and ripening

Abstract: Wu (2020) Comparative transcriptome analyses of a table grape 'Summer Black' and its earlyripening mutant 'Tiangong Moyu' identify candidate genes potentially involved in berry development and ripening,

Cited by 17 publications

References 54 publications

Biosynthesis and Cellular Functions of Tartaric Acid in Grapevines

Biosynthesis and Cellular Functions of Tartaric Acid in Grapevines

The Effect of Foliar Application of K2SO4 or KH2PO4 on Skin Color of the ‘Kyoho’ Grape

Transcriptomic analysis of temporal shifts in berry development between two grapevine cultivars of the Pinot family reveals potential genes controlling ripening time

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