Comparing Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) and World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) 2.0 in schizophrenia

Gspandl, Scott; Peirson, Ryan P.; Nahhas, Ramzi W.; Skale, Tracey G.; Lehrer, Douglas S.

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.10.033

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Predisposing, enabling, and need factors associated with consumers' functionalityThe findings indicate that consumers had mild difficulties regarding global disability, particularly in cognition, mobility, getting along, life activities, and participation. Consistent with previous studies,[49][50][51][52] consumers with mental illness experience a variety of difficulties depending on the stage of their illness. Consumers in the current study were either discharged or nearing discharge based on their MSE and could likely reduce their symptoms and associated disability.…”

supporting

confidence: 88%

Factors associated with the quality of mental health services and consumers' functionality using tertiary‐based services

Badu

O’Brien

Mitchell³

et al. 2021

Perspect Psychiatric Care

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Purpose Assess factors associated with the quality of mental health services. Design and Methods Cross‐sectional design, quantitative data, and 510 consumers from three psychiatric facilities. Results The average age of consumers was 34 years and 51.57% males. Consumers reported mixed satisfaction with the quality of mental health services (mean = 3.2; SD = 0.56) but were dissatisfied with the range of interventions (mean = 1.57; SD = 0.77). Predisposing (age, education, and primary occupation), enabling (insurance status), and need factors (mental health status) were significantly associated with quality indicators (range of interventions, efficacy, and overall satisfaction). These factors were significantly associated with consumers’ functionality (cognition, mobility, self‐care, getting along, life activities, and participation). Practice Implications Policymakers and clinicians are encouraged to incorporate the predisposing, enabling, and need factors into mental health planning, monitoring, and advocacy to improve service outcomes.

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supporting

confidence: 88%

Factors associated with the quality of mental health services and consumers' functionality using tertiary‐based services

Badu

O’Brien

Mitchell³

et al. 2021

Perspect Psychiatric Care

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“…For example, social function was measured by the GAF in the 1-year follow-up study ( 4 ). The GAF assesses psychotic symptoms and overall functional ability simultaneously; when symptom severity and level of functioning are discordant, clinicians are directed to use the rating that reflects the lower of the two levels ( 30 , 38 ). In the 1-year follow-up study ( 4 ), the high relapse rate in the dose reduction/discontinuation group may have affected symptom severity, leading to worsening of GAF scores (assumed to represent “function” status).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose Reduction/Discontinuation of Antipsychotic Drugs in Psychosis; Effect on Cognition and Functional Outcomes

Omachi

Sumiyoshi

2018

Front. Psychiatry

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Backgrounds: There is a debate regarding the optimal timing of discontinuation of antipsychotic drugs in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) or schizophrenia. We aimed to provide a review of the literature on which strategy (medication maintenance vs. dose reduction/discontinuation) is more likely to maximize outcomes, such as cognition and social function.Methods: Using PubMed, the Cochrane Library and systematic reviews, articles published between 2007 and 2018 were reviewed, which investigated the effect of dose reduction/discontinuation vs. maintenance treatment on measures of cognition and/or social function in FEP and schizophrenia.Results: Six studies were identified; 2 studies reported on cognition while 4 studies concern social function. All studies except one reported that improvement of functional outcomes in remitted patients with FEP or schizophrenia allocated to a dose reduction/discontinuation arm was equal to or better than that in patients for whom medication doses were maintained. One trial of social function with a 1-year follow-up period found a greater improvement in the medication maintenance group, while no group difference was observed with 3-year and 10-year follow-up periods. On the other hand, a 7-year follow-up study found a superiority for the dose reduction/discontinuation regimen in terms of social outcome. Two studies on cognition with a short follow-up period reported a greater improvement for the dose reduction/discontinuation group.Conclusions: Information on cognition and social function has been relatively sparse. These measures of functional outcome should be considered in deciding which strategy of antipsychotic treatments is beneficial in individual cases with FEP or schizophrenia.

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“…Cognitive ability was assessed by the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) [21]. The Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) was used to assess global function [22]. This pilot study focused on exploring the features of brain impairments specific to AHs, VHs, and co-occurring AHs and VHs in patients with schizophrenia.…”

Section: Assessment Of the Severity Of Psychotic Auditory And Visuamentioning

confidence: 99%

Reciprocal deterioration of visual and auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia presents V-shaped cognition impairment and widespread reduction in brain gray matter-A pilot study

Zhuo

Chen

et al. 2020

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience

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Schizophrenic patients often experience visual hallucinations (VHs) and auditory hallucinations (AHs); however, brain aberrations associated with combined VH and AH in schizophrenic patients remains poorly documented. Changes to the brain and cognition during the first episode of untreated schizophrenic patients (FUSCH) with both VHs and AHs (FUSCHVA) were evaluated. One-hundred and fifty-seven patients were enrolled that had FUSCH (1) with VHs but not AHs (FUSCHV), and (2) with AHs but not VHs (FUSCHA), plus FUSCHVA and healthy controls (n = 30). Gray matter volume (GMV) and MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) was measured to reflect impairments to the brain and cognition, respectively. FUSCHVA patients had the severest cognitive impairment for all components of the MCCB, followed by FUSCHV and FUSCHA patients. Compared to healthy patients, FUSCHVA patients had reduced GMV in the occipital, parietal, frontal, and temporal cortex, and increased GMV in the hippocampus and striatum. Compared to FUSCHV patients, FUSCHVA patients had reduced GMV in the occipital cortex and postcentral gyrus, and increased GMV in the posterio-parietal lobe. Compared to patients with FUSCHA, the GMV in patients with FUSCHVV was reduced in the occipital cortex and posterio parietal lobe. In conclusion, visual and auditory hallucinations appear to deteriorate reciprocally in FUSCHVA patients, accompanied with sever cognitive impairments. Compared to AHs, VHs might be accompanied with severe GMV impairment in the brain, especially in the primary visual cortex and higher perception integration cortex (posterio parietal lobe) in patients with FUSCH.

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Comparing Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) and World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) 2.0 in schizophrenia

Cited by 24 publications

References 3 publications

Factors associated with the quality of mental health services and consumers' functionality using tertiary‐based services

Factors associated with the quality of mental health services and consumers' functionality using tertiary‐based services

Dose Reduction/Discontinuation of Antipsychotic Drugs in Psychosis; Effect on Cognition and Functional Outcomes

Reciprocal deterioration of visual and auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia presents V-shaped cognition impairment and widespread reduction in brain gray matter-A pilot study

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