Comparing rates of introgression in parasitic feather lice with differing dispersal capabilities

Abstract

Organisms vary in their dispersal abilities, and these differences can have important 23 biological consequences, such as impacting the likelihood of hybridization events. However, the 24 factors shaping the frequency of hybridization are still poorly understood, and therefore how 25 dispersal ability affects the opportunities for hybridization is still unknown. Here, using the 26 ecological replicate system of dove wing and body lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera), we show that 27 species with higher dispersal abilities exhibited increased genomic signatures of introgression. 28 Specifically, we found a higher proportion of introgressed genomic reads and more reticulated 29 phylogenetic networks in wing lice, the louse group with higher dispersal abilities. Our results 30 illustrate how differences in dispersal ability can drive differences in the extent of introgression 31 through hybridization. The results from this study represent an important step for understanding 32 the factors driving hybridization. We expect our approach will stimulate future studies on the 33 ecological factors shaping hybridization to further understand this important process. 34 35 3

Comparing rates of introgression in parasitic feather lice with differing dispersal capabilities

“…2 and Table S1, Figs. S1-S12 in the Figshare repository 25 ). The contigs assembled from reads mapping to the nonfocal species were in the size range of the loci used as reference (mean max contig length = 1214 bp; mean contig length = 292 bp; Table S3 at Figshare 25 ).…”

“…Also, the specific lineages involved in the reticulations were generally congruent with signatures of introgression from the read-mapping based approach (Figs. S1-S12 at Figshare 25 ).…”

“…S1-S14) are available at GitHub (https://jorge-dona.github.io/ Comparing-rates-of-introgression-in-parasitic-feather-lice-with-differing-dispersalcapabilities/supplementary.html) and at Figshare (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9. figshare.9176204) 25 . Individual gene trees are available at Figshare 25 .…”

“…figshare.9176204) 25 . Individual gene trees are available at Figshare 25 . Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors.…”

“…a The average mean coverages of reads mapping to every species (i.e., the values that were used for the calculations of introgression levels), and b shows the mean coverages of reads mapping to each species across the whole set of loci. These and additional visualizations of all the individuals can be found in the Figshare repository25 (Figs. S1-S12).…”