Comparing Risk Factors for Primary Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis and Primary Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis in Jiangsu Province, China: A Matched-Pairs Case-Control Study

Abstract

To find out the reason why some people get infected directly with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), whereas some get infected with drug-susceptible tuberculosis (DS-TB), a 1:1:1 matched-pairs case-control study was conducted to identify predictors associated with primary MDR-TB and primary DS-TB against the control in Jiangsu Province, China. All three groups were geographically matched (by neighborhood) and matched on sex and age (±5 years). In total, 110 participants were enrolled in each of three matched groups. Conditional logistic regression analysis showed that predictors independently associated with primary MDR-TB were illiteracy or primary school education, annual per capita income ≤ US$2,000, per capita living space < 40 m2, and interval ≥ 7 days of eating fruits; predictors with primary DS-TB were body mass index ≤ 20 and feeling higher life pressure. This indicates that there are different predictors impacting the transmission range of primary MDR-TB and primary DS-TB in the general population.

Risk Factors of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis

“…Educational status was found to be statistically associated with MDR-TB in a study conducted by Li et al (2015). No significant association between MDR-TB and education was observed in the study conducted by Rahman et al (2005) and Amin et al (2009) as in our study but most of patients were illiterate and had primary education.…”

Spatiotemporal analysis of tuberculosis incidence and its associated factors in mainland China

“…There is limited information on the potential influencing factors like spatiotemporal patterns. Some studies performed cross-sectional analysis using linear, Poisson and logistic regression models [18][19][20], which cannot control for the autocorrelation within cities. Cao et al [21] applied the Bayesian framework to estimate the effect of province-level annual meteorological measures on TB in mainland China.…”

Identification of Risk Factors of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis by using Classification Tree Method

“…Individuals who are exposed directly to cases of the second generation of TB patients may become primary MDR-TB, not acquired MDR-TB during or after treatment. [19][20][21][22][23] It is the most important factor that influences the risk of developing MDR-TB. 24 Individuals who cannot afford liver protection drugs may result in bad therapy outcome, thereby becoming more financial difficult family.…”