Comparison among TonoVet, TonoVet Plus, Tono-Pen Avia Vet, and Kowa HA-2 portable tonometers for measuring intraocular pressure in dogs

Passareli, João Victor Goulart Consoni; Nascimento, Felipe Franco; Estanho, Giovana José Garcia; Ricci, C; Kanashiro, Gláucia Prada; Giuffrida, Rogério; Andrade, Silvia Franco

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2021.2444-2451

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This is the first study to compare the accuracy of tonometers in horses using three different methodologies: rebound, applanation, and applanation by the Goldmann methodology, including the measurement of real IOP through in vivo manometry. Passareli et al 28 recently reported that Tonovet and Tonovet Plus were most suitable for daily clinical use in dogs as they are easy to handle and do not require the use of topical anaesthesia to measure IOP; however, all tonometers showed satisfactory accuracy for measuring IOP in dogs. In this study, Tonovet, Tonovet Plus, Tono‐Pen AVIA Vet, and Kowa HA‐2 also showed satisfactory accuracy in measuring IOP in horses, particularly Tonovet and Tonovet Plus, which proved to be easy to handle and did not require the use of topical anaesthetics, thus causing no discomfort to the animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of four tonometers in the measurement of intraocular pressure in healthy horses

Angeluci

Ricci

Passareli

et al. 2023

Equine Veterinary Journal

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BackgroundMeasurement of the intraocular pressure (IOP) is a useful diagnostic tool in equine ophthalmology. Handheld tonometers, such as Tonovet and Tonovet Plus (rebound), Tono‐Pen AVIA Vet (applanation), and Kowa HA‐2 (applanation using the Goldmann methodology) are used to obtain IOP measurements in veterinary medicine.ObjectivesTo compare and evaluate the accuracy of four handheld tonometers in measuring IOP using different methodologies in healthy horses.Study designIn vivo experiment and cross‐sectional survey of healthy horses.MethodsIntraocular pressure was measured in 72 eyes of 36 horses. An in vivo study was conducted on sedated horses to compare the real IOP values obtained using manometry versus those obtained using tonometry, and a field study was conducted on unsedated healthy horses with normal eyes to measure the IOP values using different tonometers.ResultsIn the in vivo study, the mean IOP values using ocular manometry was 24.9 ± 4.0 mmHg (range, 20.0–30.0 mmHg). The mean IOP values using tonometry were: Tonovet, 25.7 ± 5.8 mmHg (range 19.5–33.0 mmHg); Tonovet Plus, 24.8 ± 7.1 mmHg (range 13.2–33.2 mmHg); Tono Pen AVIA Vet, 19.2 ± 4.7 mmHg (range 13.1–26.5 mmHg); and Kowa Ha‐2, 24.1 ± 1.2 mmHg (range 22.8–25.8 mmHg). In the field study, the IOP values were: Tonovet, 30.7 ± 5.6 mmHg (range 21.7–38.0 mmHg); Tonovet Plus, 29.6 ± 6.7 mmHg (range 16.2–38.6 mmHg); Tono‐Pen AVIA Vet, 27.3 ± 5.8 mmHg (range 14.6–37.1 mmHg); and Kowa HA‐2, 23.4 ± 2.2 mmHg (range 20.2–28.7 mmHg).Main limitationsThis study included only healthy horses and a limited number of animals in the in vivo study.ConclusionsThere was a strong correlation between the IOP values and manometry for all tonometers. IOP should be estimated using the same tonometer over time, and the bias of the tonometer used, such as overestimation (rebound tonometer) and underestimation (applanation tonometer), should be acknowledged. A normal reference value for each tonometer should be established in horses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of four tonometers in the measurement of intraocular pressure in healthy horses

Angeluci

Ricci

Passareli

et al. 2023

Equine Veterinary Journal

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“…Direct and consensual PLRs were normal OU, but there was minimal pupillary dilation with DA OS. Intraocular pressure (Tonovet, Icare Finland, Vantaa, Finland) measured 19 mmHg OD and 21 mmHg OS (RI = 11.7–24.5 mmHg) 14 . There was no uptake of fluorescein dye OU and the palpebral reflex, corneal reflex, physiological nystagmus, menace response, dazzle reflex, visual following and visual placing were all unremarkable OU.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Static anisocoria in cats and dogs with naturally occurring tick paralysis (Ixodes holocyclus)

Holland¹

2023

Aust Veterinary J

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ObjectiveTo characterise the novel occurrence and neuro‐ophthalmological features of static anisocoria in cats and dogs with tick paralysis (TP) (Ixodes holocyclus) due to a single tick located remote from the head and neck.DesignObservational case series with retrospective analysis.MethodsMedical records were reviewed from 69 cats and 169 dogs treated for TP from a suburban veterinary hospital in Newcastle, New South Whales, between September 2005 and October 2021.ResultsAnisocoria was observed in 2/18 (11.1%) cats and 3/30 (10.0%) dogs with a single tick located remote from the head and neck. These proportions were not different when compared within species to 4 of 28 (14.3%) cats and 16 of 98 (16.3%) dogs with aniscocoria with a single tick located on the head and neck region (P = 1 and 0.56 respectively). Anisocoria arose from pupillary efferent dysfunction and included unilateral oculoparasympathetic dysfunction (internal ophthalmoplegia) in one dog, unilateral oculosympathetic dysfunction (Horner's syndrome) in one cat and one dog, and a combination of bilateral, but asymmetric, oculosympathetic and oculoparasympathetic dysfunction in one cat and one dog.ConclusionIt is proposed that anisocoria in cases of TP with a tick located remote from the head and neck is due to an intrinsic latent asymmetry in the safety factor for pupillary efferent function that is unmasked by a systemically distributed holocyclotoxin inhibiting neural transmission within this system, and this is the prevailing pathomechanism, rather than a direct local effect, underscoring anisocoria with a tick located on the head or neck.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the TVP has a larger display screen and requires only one push of a button to acquire the 6 consecutive measurements needed to obtain each IOP value. A few studies validating use of the TVP in dogs 17,34 and rabbits, 23,35 have reported that IOPs obtained with the TVP correlate well with manometry in these species, particularly in the clinically relevant range of 5-50 mmHg. 17,23 The objective of this study was to validate IOP measurements obtained with the TVP rebound tonometer in normal cats and cats with glaucoma and compare the accuracy and precision of the values to those obtained by the widely used TV01 and TP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of theTONOVETPlus®, TonoVet®, and Tono‐Pen Vet™ tonometers in normal cats and cats with glaucoma

Kiland,

Terhaar,

Walleck

et al. 2023

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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ObjectivesTo determine the accuracy, precision, and clinical applicability of the ICare® TONOVET Plus (TVP) in cats.Animals and ProceduresIOP readings obtained with the TVP were compared to values obtained concurrently with the original TONOVET (TV01) and Tono‐Pen Vet™ (TP) in 12 normal cats (24 eyes) and 8 glaucomatous LTBP2‐mutant cats (13 eyes) in vivo. Reproducibility of TVP readings was also assessed for three observers in the above cats. The anterior chambers of five different normal cat eyes were cannulated ex vivo. IOP was measured with the TVP, TV01, and TP at manometric IOPs ranging from 5 to 70 mmHg. Data were analyzed by linear regression, ANOVA and Bland–Altman plots. ANOVA was used to assess reproducibility of TVP readings obtained by different observers and an ANCOVA model controlled for variation of individual cats. p < .05 was considered significant.ResultsTVP values strongly correlated with TV01 values (y = 1.045x + 1.443, R2 = .9667). The TP significantly underestimated IOP relative to the TVP and TV01, particularly at high IOP. IOP values obtained by 1 observer were significantly higher (~1 mmHg average) compared to the other 2 observers via ANCOVA analysis (p = .0006479 and p = .0203). Relative to manometry, the TVP and TV01 were significantly more accurate (p < .0001) and precise (p < .0070) than the TP in ex vivo eyes.ConclusionsIOP readings obtained with the TVP and TV01 are broadly interchangeable between models and between observers, but subtle differences may be important in a research context. TP readings vastly underestimate high IOP in feline glaucoma.

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Comparison among TonoVet, TonoVet Plus, Tono-Pen Avia Vet, and Kowa HA-2 portable tonometers for measuring intraocular pressure in dogs

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Comparison of four tonometers in the measurement of intraocular pressure in healthy horses

Comparison of four tonometers in the measurement of intraocular pressure in healthy horses

Static anisocoria in cats and dogs with naturally occurring tick paralysis (Ixodes holocyclus)

Comparison of theTONOVETPlus®, TonoVet®, and Tono‐Pen Vet™ tonometers in normal cats and cats with glaucoma

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