Comparison between SBR Compounds Filled with In-Situ and Ex-Situ Silanized Silica

Bernal-Ortega, Pilar; Anyszka, Rafał; Morishita, Yoshihiro; Ronza, Raffaele di; Blume, Anke

doi:10.3390/polym13020281

Cited by 19 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The difference between pure cyclohexane's freezing temperatures and the solvent's freezing temperature trapped in the rubber compounds may be estimated by comparing the transition temperature values of a confined and a free solvent. 28 The mesh size of the polymer network determines this parameter. The mesh size shrinks as more crosslinks join the polymer chains, and the solvent is trapped in a tighter network, preventing the crystallization of the polymer.…”

Section: Determination Of Hetrogenity Of Elastomer Crosslinks By Solv...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the role of ZnO as activator in SBR vulcanizates: Performance evaluation with active, nano, and functionalized ZnO

Sreethu

Das

Parathodika

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This study investigates (ZnO)s with different surface features as vulcanization activators in unfilled SBR vulcanizates. ZnO is termed the best activator due to its fast reaction kinetics. A high release of ZnO into the environment harms marine ecosystems, and most ZnO production goes to the rubber sector; therefore, reducing ZnO amount is essential. Active, nano and functionalized ZnO compared to conventional ZnO in SBR matrix; concentration optimized based on curing, mechanical, physical, and dispersion analyses. The Arrhenius equation approximated the cure curve's kinetic constant and activation energy. Crosslink density measured by swelling experiment and solvent freezing point depression. Nano ZnO was used from 0.5 to 2phr, active ZnO from 1 to 4phr, and functionalized ZnO from 1 to 3phr compared to 5phr of conventional ZnO. The tensile strength of N1.5, F1.5, and A2 SBR increased by 5%, 26%, and 18% compared to C5SBR, whose elongation at break improved by 30%, 7%, and 23%. The data were analyzed using tukey HSD post hoc test. Regarding mechanical properties and curing characteristics, 2phr active, functionalized, and 1.5phr nano ZnO is analogous to 5phr conventional ZnO in an unfilled SBR matrix. The quantity of ZnO in rubber vulcanizates decreased successively by 60%, 60%, and 70%.

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Section: Determination Of Hetrogenity Of Elastomer Crosslinks By Solv...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the role of ZnO as activator in SBR vulcanizates: Performance evaluation with active, nano, and functionalized ZnO

Sreethu

Das

Parathodika

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…From the FE-SEM micrographs (Figure 4), it is found that all vegetable oils used in this work give similar degree of filler dispersion. Compared with NTO, both MO and NO give smaller size of silica agglomerates and, thus, provide better silica dispersion which leads to the significant improvements in the mechanical and dynamic properties [27][28][29][30].…”

Section: Effect Of Oils On Morphology and Storage Modulusmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Vegetable Oils with Different Fatty Acids on Natural Rubber Composite Properties

et al. 2021

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Owing to the toxicity of polycyclic aromatic (PCA) oils, much attention has been paid to the replacement of PCA oils by other nontoxic oils. This paper reports comparative study of the effects of new vegetable oils, i.e., Moringa oil (MO) and Niger oil (NO), on rheological, physical and dynamic properties of silica–filled natural rubber composite (NRC), in comparison with petroleum–based naphthenic oil (NTO). The results reveal that MO and NO exhibit higher thermal stability and better processability than NTO. Cure characteristics of the rubber compounds are not significantly affected by the oil type. It is also found that the NRCs containing MO or NO have better tensile strength and lower dynamic energy loss than the NRCs containing NTO. This may be because both MO and NO improve filler dispersion to a greater extent than NTO as supported by storage modulus and scanning electron microscopy results. Consequently, the present study suggests that MO and NO could be used as the alternative non–toxic oils for NRC without any loss of the properties evaluated.

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“…The SEM image of MTES-SiO 2 /EUG/SBR showed that after SiO 2 was modified by MTES, MTES covalently bonded with the silanol groups on SiO 2 . Therefore, the steric hindrance effect on the surface of SiO 2 was improved, and the agglomeration of SiO 2 was reduced [ 46 ], thus, the particle size of SiO 2 dispersed in the material matrix was reduced and the dispersion was significantly improved. The SEM image of SiO 2 /EEUG/EUG/SBR showed that adding EEUG to the matrix also significantly improved the dispersion of SiO 2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Intermolecular Interaction to Improve the Abrasion Resistance and Wet Skid Resistance of Eucommia Ulmoides Gum/Styrene Butadiene Rubber Composite

Wang

Xiong

2021

Materials

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A rubber composite was prepared by using methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) to modify silica (SiO2) and epoxidized eucommia ulmoides gum (EEUG) as rubber additives to endow silica with excellent dispersion and interfacial compatibility under the action of processing shear. The results showed that compared with the unmodified silica-reinforced rubber composite (SiO2/EUG/SBR), the bound rubber content of MTES-SiO2/EEUG/EUG/SBR was increased by 184%, and its tensile strength, modulus at 100% strain, modulus at 300% strain, and tear strength increased by 42.1%, 88.5%, 130.8%, and 39.9%, respectively. The Akron abrasion volume of the MTES-SiO2/EEUG/EUG/SBR composite decreased by 50.9%, and the wet friction coefficient increased by 43.2%. The wear resistance and wet skid resistance of the rubber composite were significantly improved.

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Comparison between SBR Compounds Filled with In-Situ and Ex-Situ Silanized Silica

Cited by 19 publications

References 22 publications

Understanding the role of ZnO as activator in SBR vulcanizates: Performance evaluation with active, nano, and functionalized ZnO

Understanding the role of ZnO as activator in SBR vulcanizates: Performance evaluation with active, nano, and functionalized ZnO

New Vegetable Oils with Different Fatty Acids on Natural Rubber Composite Properties

Multiple Intermolecular Interaction to Improve the Abrasion Resistance and Wet Skid Resistance of Eucommia Ulmoides Gum/Styrene Butadiene Rubber Composite

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