Sound has enormous influence on human organism. Different types of sound vibrations have both positive and negative effects on peoples health. This review highlights that sound is important factor for health regulation with the emphasis on cognitive functions and mental activity. Also, we describe strategies of using sound in treatment of neurological diseases, anxiety disorders, depressions, and social rehabilitation. Sound influence and its exploit are examined on different levels: ultrasound, infrasound, white noise, music and nature sounds. Finally, our review has shown sound great potential in treatment of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, carpal tunnel syndrome, postoperative rehabilitation, and cognitive functions improvement. We propose the implementation of acoustic monitoring and music therapy as substantial components of rehabilitation medicine.