Comparison between temperature and pyrolysis dependent models to evaluate the lightning strike damage of carbon fiber composite laminates

Guo, Yuan; Dong, Qi; Chen, Jingliang; Yao, Xueling; Yi, Xiaosu; Jia, Yuxi

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2017.02.022

Cited by 61 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Most of the electrical energy being transferred at a lightning attachment point is instantaneously dissipated as Joule heating. Peak local arc channel temperatures reach ~ 30,000K [13], and the predicted maximum temperature at the initial lightning attachment location is  3,000K [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Simultaneously, some fraction of the electrical energy is converted into mechanical and/or electromagnetic energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the in-plane regions of intense local fiber damage are elliptical in character for unidirectional laminates and semicircular for woven fabric laminates. Numerous multiphysics-based finite element (FE) models [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] have also been developed for predicting lightning damage development in carbon/epoxy composites. These models only predict thermal damage development by calculating a rapid temperature rise due to electrical conduction and corresponding Joule heating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical estimations of lightning-induced mechanical damage in carbon/epoxy composites using shock wave overpressure and equivalent air blast overpressure

Lee¹,

Lacy

Pittman

et al. 2019

Composite Structures

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A new approach is proposed for predicting lightning-induced mechanical damage using the shock wave overpressure (SWO) due to lightning arc channel expansion and also its equivalent air blast overpressure (ABO) due to an explosion of chemical potential energy in AS4/3506 carbon/epoxy laminates. The SWOs and equivalent ABOs associated with 124, 247, and 494 kA peak lightning currents were considered. Dynamic responses of the composite laminates due to both the SWOs and ABOs were similar to each other. The spatial variations in the peak compressive and tensile midplane displacements evaluated near the laminate center showed that mechanical damage tended to be symmetric about the laminate midplane. Hashin's four different damage criteria were implemented to predict fiber/matrix failures. The predicted failure index distributions in the carbon/epoxy plies were nearly identical for both SWOs and ABOs. Except for matrix tension failure predicted at the 494 kA peak current, all damage failure indices increased as the peak current increased, but were smaller than unity, implying no mechanical damage initiation due to lightning strike. These FE results suggest that lightning SWO may not cause significant mechanical damage and it may be possible to interchangeably use either SWO or ABO to predict lightning-induced mechanical damage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical estimations of lightning-induced mechanical damage in carbon/epoxy composites using shock wave overpressure and equivalent air blast overpressure

Lee¹,

Lacy

Pittman

et al. 2019

Composite Structures

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The heat transfer in the material conforms to Fourier's law. The governing equation of heat balance can be expressed as follows [14,27,28]:…”

Section: Electrothermal Coupling Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Herein, a steady-state electrical simulation analysis and a transient thermal simulation analysis 134 are performed in sequence [24]. The lightning current flowing through the CFRP laminate will 135 generate Joule heat, causing the resin to pyrolyze and gasify, which is a typical electrothermal 136 coupling process [25][26][27]. During this process, the following charge conservation equations need to 137 be followed:…”

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confidence: 99%

Damage Investigation of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Laminates with Fasteners Subjected to Lightning Current Components C and D

Chen

Liu

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

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The damage induced by lightning strikes in carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminates with fasteners is a complex multiphysics coupling process. To clarify the effects of different lightning current components on the induced damage, components C and D were used in simulated lightning strike tests. Ultrasonic C-scans and stereomicroscopy were used to evaluate the damage in the tested specimens. In addition, the electrothermal coupling theory was adopted to model the different effects of the arc and the current flowing through the laminate (hereinafter referred to as the conduction current) on CFRP laminates with fasteners under different lightning current components. Component C, which has a low current amplitude and a long duration, ablated and gasified the fastener and caused less damage to the CFRP laminate. Under component C, the heat produced by the arc played a leading role in damage generation. Component D, which has a high current amplitude and a short duration, caused serious surface and internal damage in the CFRP laminate and little damage to the fastener. Under component D, the damage was mainly caused by the Joule heat generated by the conduction current.

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“…It shows that the lightning strike damage is strongly governed by the anisotropic electrical properties of the carbon fibre composite, and the lightning current waveform has certain effect on the damage extent [20]. Thus, a lightning damage criterion was proposed to evaluate the in-plane damage by temperature dependent model and to estimate the in-depth damage by pyrolysis dependent model [21]. Further investigation is going to quantitatively understand the mechanism of the lightning strike on the composite laminates, supported by the experimental lightning strike test.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

How green composite materials could benefit aircraft construction

Soutis

Bachmann

2019

Sci. China Technol. Sci.

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Comparison between temperature and pyrolysis dependent models to evaluate the lightning strike damage of carbon fiber composite laminates

Cited by 61 publications

References 20 publications

Numerical estimations of lightning-induced mechanical damage in carbon/epoxy composites using shock wave overpressure and equivalent air blast overpressure

Numerical estimations of lightning-induced mechanical damage in carbon/epoxy composites using shock wave overpressure and equivalent air blast overpressure

Damage Investigation of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Laminates with Fasteners Subjected to Lightning Current Components C and D

How green composite materials could benefit aircraft construction

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