Comparison between TEWL and laser scanning microscopy measurements for the <i>in vivo</i> characterization of the human epidermal barrier

Vergou, Theognosia; Schanzer, Sabine; Richter, Heike; Pels, Ragna; Thiede, Gisela; Patzelt, Alexa; Meinke, Martina C.; Sterry, Wolfram; Fluhr, Joachim W.; Lademann, Jürgen

doi:10.1002/jbio.201100067

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Thus, measuring the reflectance of light in the SWIR range was proposed for interrogation of moisture and microscopic structural changes . We further surmise that the SWIR light reflectance sensitivity to tissue factors and moisture could also make it an important marker of skin tissue viability in burns, as suggested by the correlation between water loss and epidermal barrier dysfunction . Previous literature, especially in dermatologic journals, has characterized the composition of healthy cutaneous tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Namely, strong water signals have been characterized within the stratum corneum and viable epidermis . Furthermore, studies investigating compositional changes after mechanical damage to the cutaneous layer have demonstrated increases in transepidermal water loss, that is, decrease in moisture content . Thus, in Figure , we illustrate the derived postulate that in viable skin that is well hydrated, increased water content preferentially attenuates the reflectance of the 1,940 nm wavelength compared to the 1,650 or 1,200 nm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The moisture imaging data shown in Figure is consistent with the ability of 1,940 nm reflectance to detect moisture levels in vivo amounts of <30 μL, but the relation of 1,940‐nm light reflectance to burn depth has not been fully established as our imaging analysis in the agar slabs of >1 mm in thickness (Figure ) and burns with damaged collagen at depth between about 0.5 and 1 mm (Figure ) show similar levels of absorbance or reflectance of 1,940‐nm light. Further investigation is required to clarify the effect of water content at different skin depths on the SWIR light reflectance …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 We further surmise that the SWIR light reflectance sensitivity to tissue factors and moisture could also make it an important marker of skin tissue viability in burns, as suggested by the correlation between water loss and epidermal barrier dysfunction. [13][14][15] Previous literature, especially in dermatologic journals, has characterized the composition of healthy cutaneous tissues. Namely, strong water signals have been characterized within the stratum corneum and viable epidermis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short‐wave infrared light imaging measures tissue moisture and distinguishes superficial from deep burns

Mironov

Hwang

Nemzek

et al. 2019

Wound Repair Regeneration

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Existing clinical approaches and tools to measure burn tissue destruction are limited resulting in misdiagnosis of injury depth in over 40% of cases. Thus, our objective in this study was to characterize the ability of short‐wave infrared (SWIR) imaging to detect moisture levels as a surrogate for tissue viability with resolution to differentiate between burns of various depths. To accomplish our aim, we constructed an imaging system consisting of a broad‐band Tungsten light source; 1,200‐, 1,650‐, 1,940‐, and 2,250‐nm wavelength filters; and a specialized SWIR camera. We initially used agar slabs to provide a baseline spectrum for SWIR light imaging and demonstrated the differential absorbance at the multiple wavelengths, with 1,940 nm being the highest absorbed wavelength. These spectral bands were then demonstrated to detect levels of moisture in inorganic and in vivo mice models. The multiwavelength SWIR imaging approach was used to diagnose depth of burns using an in vivo porcine burn model. Healthy and injured skin regions were imaged 72 hours after short (20 seconds) and long (60 seconds) burn application, and biopsies were extracted from those regions for histologic analysis. Burn depth analysis based on collagen coagulation histology confirmed the formation of superficial and deep burns. SWIR multispectral reflectance imaging showed enhanced intensity levels in long burned regions, which correlated with histology and distinguished between superficial and deep burns. This SWIR imaging method represents a novel, real‐time method to objectively distinguishing superficial from deep burns.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short‐wave infrared light imaging measures tissue moisture and distinguishes superficial from deep burns

Mironov

Hwang

Nemzek

et al. 2019

Wound Repair Regeneration

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“…Vergou et al reported the comparison between transepidermal water loss and LCM measurements. 4 Most experiments were performed in air because it is natural. Conversely, this study focused on the dynamics of the SC in an aqueous solution.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Observation of Stratum Corneum Using Cantilever-assisted Two-beam Interference Microscopy

Yanagiya¹,

Katayama²,

Goto³

2012

Chemistry Letters

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We demonstrated in situ observation of the swelling of stratum corneum (SC) by cantilever-assisted two-beam interference microscopy (CATBIM) in this study. The CATBIM enabled us to observe the refractive index changes of the small region of a stratum corneum in 1% glycerin solution. Interference pattern images of the SC were successfully acquired. The fringe interval was almost the same during the experiments. On the other hand, the thickness by swelling of the SC increased with time. The speeds of swelling decreased with time.Skin covers the human body and has functions such as protection, sensation, and controlling the evaporation. The skin consists of several layers and stratum corneum (SC), which is the outermost part of the skin. The SC consists of corneocytes and intercellular lipids. It directly protects the internal body from the environment and absorbs medicines or cosmetics that we apply to prevent evaporation and permeation into the skin cells. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism of osmosis at the cell and tissue level.In recent years, there have been studies of the skin at the cell or tissues level.13 These have studied mostly with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and nanoindentor. Yuan and Verma reported microelastic properties of wet and dry SC.2 Bhushan has reported the nanotribological and nanomechanical properties of the skin and the effects of skin cream.1 Crichton et al. measured the viscoelastic property of each layer of the human skin.3 Laser confocal microscopy (LCM) has also been used in cell or tissue biology. Vergou et al. reported the comparison between transepidermal water loss and LCM measurements. 4 Most experiments were performed in air because it is natural. Conversely, this study focused on the dynamics of the SC in an aqueous solution.We have studied soft materials by using a combined microscope that consists of AFM and LCM. In our previous study, we observed interference patterns on an AFM cantilever. We then reported the misalignment of fringes corresponding to the step heights of a potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystal by using LCM 5 and a relative refractive index of a small volume of water. 6 In the present study, we chose a glycerin solution as the aqueous solution. Glycerin solution is an aqueous alcohol and is widely used as a food and pharmaceutical additive. The glycerin shows high viscosity and decreases the coefficient of friction of surfaces. 1,7 In the present study, we investigated in situ observation of stratum corneum in a glycerin solution by interference microscopy, which is produced by the combined setup of LCM and AFM. And the swelling dynamics of the SC in a glycerin solution was also studied.First, we describe the theoretical interference model of this study. Interference phenomena, which were observed on an AFM cantilever bar using an optical microscope, were first reported by Owen et al. 8 As previously reported, 5,6 the behavior of the interference fringes informs us of the refractive index of media or the geometric lengths of the light path...

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Application of Laser Scanning Microscopy in Dermatology and Cutaneous Physiology

Lademann

Lange‐Asschenfeldt

Ulrich

et al. 2013

Non Invasive Diagnostic Techniques in Clinical Dermatology

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Comparison between TEWL and laser scanning microscopy measurements for the in vivo characterization of the human epidermal barrier

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

Short‐wave infrared light imaging measures tissue moisture and distinguishes superficial from deep burns

Short‐wave infrared light imaging measures tissue moisture and distinguishes superficial from deep burns

In Situ Observation of Stratum Corneum Using Cantilever-assisted Two-beam Interference Microscopy

Application of Laser Scanning Microscopy in Dermatology and Cutaneous Physiology

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