Comparison between the next generation impactor and the twin glass impinge as model pulmonary drug delivery devices

Comparative Assessment of In Vitro and In Silico Methods for Aerodynamic Characterization of Powders for Inhalation

“…The differences between TSI and NGI results are probably caused by the fact that TSI considers particles smaller than 6.4 µm to be respirable, whereas the cut-off aerodynamic diameter for NGI FPF values is 5 µm. Similar findings referring to the higher FPF values obtained by TSI in comparison to NGI, due to the difference in the cut-off value for FPF, were observed by Omer et al [33]. Higher FPF values obtained by FSI in comparison to NGI have already been recognized as a limitation of FSI [27,70], although some studies showed no significant differences between FSI and NGI results, e.g., [23,30].…”

“…Therefore, the availability of different in vitro methods can impede regulatory evaluation. Some studies compared two or three in vitro methods for aerodynamic assessment of DPIs [23,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33], but their results were inconclusive. While some of the studies indicated similarities between ACI and NGI results [26,29,31], there were also reports on diverging results obtained by these two methods [28,29].…”

“…While some of the studies indicated similarities between ACI and NGI results [26,29,31], there were also reports on diverging results obtained by these two methods [28,29]. In addition, some differences were shown between NGI and MSLI [28], TSI [33] or FSI results [27].…”

Albumin grafted coaxial electrosparyed polycaprolactone-zinc oxide nanoparticle for sustained release and activity enhanced antibacterial drug delivery

“…The capsule was loaded to monodose dry powder inhaler and the inhaler was attached to the impinger which containing 5 and 10 mL of 20% DMSO in stages 1 and 2, respectively to collect the aerosolized powder. 59 After inspiration, the glass impinger was detached, and each stage, the inhaler device, and emptied capsules were separately washed with appropriate volumes of 20% DMSO and placed into volumetric flasks. The collected samples were sonicated for 5 min and filtered.…”