Comparison of acute toxicity of two neonicotinoid insecticides, imidacloprid and clothianidin, to five cladoceran species

Abstract

The acute toxicity (48-hr) of old (imidacloprid) and new (clothianidin) neonicotinoid insecticides to five cladoceran species and species sensitivity distribution (SSD) for cladocerans and other aquatic organisms to these insecticides are compared here. The sensitivities to both insecticides were in the following descending order: Ceriodaphnia>Daphnia>Moina. Differences in the 5% hazardous concentration (HC5) threshold between the two species taxa to each compound indicated that clothianidin was 4 times less toxic than imidacloprid only to cladocerans.

Effects of clothianidin on aquatic communities: Evaluating the impacts of lethal and sublethal exposure to neonicotinoids

“…in neonicotinoid risk assessment [50]. For example, the acute toxicity of Daphnia magna , a common model for aquatic toxicology, to clothianidin is 67 ppm [37], suggesting that they are remarkably tolerant compared to other invertebrates. Indeed, cladocerans in general tend to display higher tolerance than other aquatic arthropods to neonicotinoids [11,50,51].…”

“…Given the shift from imidacloprid to thiamethoxam and clothianidin as the dominant neonicotinoid active ingredients used in agriculture, there is a need to evaluate the risk that these compounds pose to natural systems. To date, clothianidin toxicity testing for aquatic species has been limited to a small number of aquatic invertebrates (e.g., Chironomus riparius , Mysidopsis bahia , Daphnia ), with LC 50 estimates ranging from 0.022 ppm to 119 ppm [36,37]. Given the broad diversity of species, particularly invertebrates, that inhabit aquatic systems, there is a need for studies that expand beyond traditional model species.…”

Different acute toxicity of fipronil baits on invasive Linepithema humile supercolonies and some non-target ground arthropods

“…less than a factor of 3, with a maximum range of eightfold (Hickey 1989). However, Hayasaka et al (2013) found that for the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid and clothianidin, which share a neurotoxic mode of action although through a different agonistic mechanism, the range of susceptibilities among cladoceran species can be as large as 40-80-fold.…”

“…The concentration ratio between successive solutions in all the tests was 2.0. Fipronil concentrations were prepared by serial dilution of the stock solutions in distilled water (Hayasaka et al 2012c(Hayasaka et al , 2013. For each concentration and species, four replicates were used, each replicate consisting of a plastic Petri dish (SANSYO Eco-Petri RS, 90 mm diameter and 18 mm height) that contained five individuals on a melamine sponge.…”

“…SSDs are mostly used in risk assessment of chemicals for statistically predicting the environmental concentrations that protect most species in a community, usually above 95 % of species (Posthuma et al 2001;Nagai and Yokoyama 2012). The use of SSDs with terrestrial arthropod communities (Frampton et al 2006;Hoang et al 2011) is less common than with aquatic communities (Beketov and Liess 2008;Rico et al 2010;Hayasaka et al 2012cHayasaka et al , 2013.…”