Comparison of Albumin Excretion Rate Obtained With Different Times of Collection

Wiegmann, Thomas; Chonko, Arnold M.; Barnard, Martha J; MacDougall, Margaret; Folscroft, John; Stephenson, J; Kyner, Joseph L.; Moore, Wayne V.

doi:10.2337/diacare.13.8.864

Cited by 29 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The same holds true when timed-overnight sample collection is used. In accordance with literature (14,16) we found correlation between 24 h and overnight collected samples but the mean levels of the same patients were lower in the overnight collected samples. This may be a result of posture, exercise, diet, etc.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…analyser because we found this assay inexpensive, simple, and rapid to perform, and it fits into our laboratory organisation. The choice of the sample and the way of the handling of the sample is much more disputable (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). There is a general agreement that 24 h collection is the most reliable specimen to confirm the presence of microalbuminuria (6,14,16).…”

Section: Effect Of Sample-handlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Influence of biological variations and sample handling on measured microalbuminuria in diabetic patients

Vermes

Spooren

1992

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Five immunochemical assays for determining low concentrations of albumin were investigated. These were a radioimmunoassay (RIA); turbidimetric immunoassays (TIA) both according to end-point measuring principle on a Cobas Fara and Hitachi 71 7 analysers, and according to kinetic measuring principle on a Turbitimer instrument; and a nephelometric immunoassay (NIA). All achieved the analytical goal necessary for optimal patient care. The correlations between the albumin concentrations measured with the different techniques were very good. In vitro glycation of albumin did not influence albumin concentrations measured by the five assays. Urine albumin excretion measured over 3 consecutive days showed considerable day-to-day variation. This was highest for spot-urine specimens and significantly lower for 24 h and timed-overnight samples. Variation of storage temperature (room temperature, 4"C, -20°C), time (up till 3 months), and pH (within the range pH 5-8) of the urine samples did not change significantly the measured albumin concentrations. Different sample preparations (vortex-mixing, centrifugation, and thawing) had no influence on the measured albumin concentration. In conclusion, a maximum standardization of the collection of timed-overnight urine samples for screening and 24 h urine samples for confirmation of microalbuminuria during 3 consecutive days is more crucial than the choice of the immunological technique.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Effect Of Sample-handlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of biological variations and sample handling on measured microalbuminuria in diabetic patients

Vermes

Spooren

1992

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, for screening purposes, untimed collections are advantageous. Most studies have dealt with the usefulness of the albumin concentration or the albumin/creatinine ratio in a random or morning urine collection for first screening (6)(7)(8)(9). However, urine volume and patient metabolic control could interfere with this measurement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of first morning urine volume, fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin on first morning urinary albumin concentration

Gomes¹,

Lucchetti²,

Gonçalves³

et al. 1997

Braz J Med Biol Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of first morning urinary volume (collected on three different non-consecutive days), fasting blood glucose (determined on the first and third days of urine collection), and glycosylated hemoglobin (determined on the first and third days of urine collection) on the albumin concentration in first morning urine samples collected on three different days. We found 3.6% asymptomatic bacteriuria in the urine samples; therefore, every urine sample must be tested to exclude infection. One hundred and fifty urine samples were provided by 50 IDDM patients aged 21.9 ± 7 (12-38) years with a disease duration of 6.8 ± 5.8 (0.4-31) years attending the Diabetes Clinic at the State University Hospital of Rio de Janeiro. There were no differences in albumin concentration (6.1 vs 5.8 vs 6.2 µg/ml; P = NS) or urinary volume (222.5 vs 210 vs 200 ml) between the three samples. In addition, there were no differences in fasting blood glucose (181.9 ± 93.6 vs 194.6 ± 104.7 mg%; P = NS) or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) (8.4 ± 1.3 vs 8.8 ± 1.5%; P = NS) between the first and third blood samples. Six patients (group 1) had a mean urinary albumin concentration of more than 20 µg/ml for the three urine samples. This group was compared with the 44 patients (group 2) with a mean urinary albumin concentration for the three urine samples of less than 20 µg/ml. No difference was found between groups 1 and 2 in relation to fasting blood glucose (207.1 ± 71.7 vs 187.6 ± 84.6 mg/dl), HbA1 (8.1 ± 0.9 vs 8.6 ± 1.1%) or urinary volume [202 (48.3-435) vs 246 (77.3-683.3) ml]. Stepwise multiple regression analysis with albumin concentration of first morning urine samples as the dependent variable, and urinary volume, fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin as independent variables, showed that only 12% (P = 0.01) of the albumin concentration could be accounted for by the independent effect of morning urine volume on the first day of urine collection. No urine samples showed a change in the cutoff level of 20 µg/ml of albumin concentration as the result of volume. Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin did not influence the urinary albumin concentration. Considerable variability in urinary albumin concentration was found in the three morning urine samples with a mean intraindividual coefficient variation of 56%. In conclusion, in the present study, urinary volume had a minimal, though not constant, effect on first morning urinary albumin concentration. Day-to-day metabolic and clinical control of IDDM patients, except probably for ketoacidosis, should not contraindicate microalbuminuria screening in first morning urine samples.

show abstract

“…3,4 In fact it has been recommended as a screening test for early detection of nephropathy. 5 In this study, the investigator tried to identify the extent of microalbuminuria among the regular diabetic patients attending the primary health care clinic.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalbuminuria Among Patients with Diabetes Type 1 and Type 2 at the Armed Forces Hospital in Jubail

2001

Annals of Saudi Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nephropathy is one of the common complications of diabetes, and can lead to end-stage renal failure. The number of diabetic subjects accepted for renal dialysis treatment is increasing yearly.1 Nephropathy takes several years to develop after the diagnosis of diabetes, but if it is diagnosed early, the process can be aborted or even reversed by strict metabolic control. 2Nephropathy presents first as intermittent microalbuminuria (incipient), progressing to persistent microalbuminuria, and then to macroalbuminuria. A useful method of early detection of albumin in urine is by quantifying microalbuminuria. The usual way to do this is by measuring albumin in a 24-hour urine sample. But the patient's compliance is a limiting factor. An easier method is to measure the concentration of albumin in urine at the patient's regular visit, especially the concentrated morning sample.Several investigators used this method and reported comparable results. 3,4 In fact it has been recommended as a screening test for early detection of nephropathy.5 In this study, the investigator tried to identify the extent of microalbuminuria among the regular diabetic patients attending the primary health care clinic. Patients and MethodsMore than 300 diabetic patients are seen regularly at the diabetic clinic in the Primary Care Department of the Armed Forces Hospital in Jubail, Saudi Arabia. A full history, physical examination and the necessary investigations were done for most of the patients attending this clinic.One random sample of urine was obtained (from 104 patients with diabetes, randomly selected from the Primary Care Clinic) for quantifying albumin concentration in urine. This method is superior to the excretion rate 6 and an accurate method for screening of micro-and macroalbuminuria. 7 The method used was the urinary protein (UP) method developed for aca™ discrete clinical analyzer. In this method, the turbidimetric method of Iwata and Nishikaze, 8 as well as the benzethonium chloride method for precipitating urinary protein in a basic medium, were used for quantifying microalbuminuria. The specimens were analyzed within one hour in the same hospital laboratory. The urine samples were random single-sample (i.e., not a 24-hour sample) collected from the patients as they were seen at the clinic. The single-sample method was also used before by several authors. 3,9,10

show abstract

Comparison of Albumin Excretion Rate Obtained With Different Times of Collection

Cited by 29 publications

References 42 publications

Influence of biological variations and sample handling on measured microalbuminuria in diabetic patients

Influence of biological variations and sample handling on measured microalbuminuria in diabetic patients

Influence of first morning urine volume, fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin on first morning urinary albumin concentration

Microalbuminuria Among Patients with Diabetes Type 1 and Type 2 at the Armed Forces Hospital in Jubail

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About