Comparison of blood pro/antioxidant levels before and after acute exercise in athletes and non-athletes

Abstract

Abstract. The aims of our study were to assess the redox state of adolescent athletes and non-athletes both at rest and after acute exposure to physical load and to find relations between parameters of redox state and morphofunctional characteristics of subjects. 58 young handball players and 37 non-athletes were subjected to body composition analysis, measuring of maximal oxygen consumption and blood sampling immediately before and after a maximal progressive exercise test. At rest, athletes had significantly higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, higher levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and nitric oxide (NO) and lower levels of lipid peroxidation (TBARS) compared with non-athletes. A maximal exercise test induced statistically significant rise of superoxide anion radical (O 2 -), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and NO levels in non-athletes, while TBARS levels decreased. Athletes experienced the fall in NO levels and the fall in CAT activity. After exercise, athletes had significantly lower levels of O 2 -compared with non-athletes. Two way repeated measures ANOVA showed that the response of O 2 -, NO and TBARS to the exercise test was dependent on the sports engagement (training experience) of subjects. Significant correlations between morphofunctional and redox parameters were found. These results suggest that physical fitness affects redox homeostasis.

No Evidence of Racial Differences in Endothelial Function and Exercise Blood Flow in Young, Healthy Males Following Acute Antioxidant Supplementation

“…We also performed blood draws following the completion of the entire protocol, which might have affected the MDA-TBARS measurement. Because the blood draw was performed following the acute handgrip exercise and exercise can lead to acute increases in TBARS [10], it is possible that the lack of increase in TBARS could be due to the antioxidant supplement. However, conflicting studies demonstrated no change in TBARS following acute exercise [8,14] in age groups and intensities similar to that of our current study.…”

Comparison of Acute Bout of Moderate Intensity and High Intensity Exercise on Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Markers and Neurocognitive Parameters between Male Athletes and Non-athletes – A Randomized Controlled Study

“…These findings are in line with previous studies, which states that regular exercise makes individuals stronger against oxidative stress, increases the activity of antioxidant defence system and reduces oxidant production. [17][18][19] Even though both athletes and non-athletes showed better results with moderate intensity exercise, athletes showed a dramatic improvement than non-athletes. Regular exercise also protects against diseases associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation.…”

The redox state of young female handball players following acute exercise and a one-month precompetitive training period

“…Interestingly, further analysis showed that increased levels of H 2 O 2 and decreased SOD activity were observed only in a group of handball players with the lowest basal SOD activity [31]. Additionally, when comparing handball players with sedentary age-matched controls, exercise testing induced the increase in H 2 O 2 levels only in controls who had significantly lower basal SOD activity compared with handball players [4]. This suggests that adaptations of antioxidant defence due to chronic exercise protect athletes from oxidative stress induced not only by an exercise stimulus but also most likely in a number of non-exercise conditions.…”

“…Although there are a few studies reporting the effects of treadmill exercise on redox state in football players or non-athletes [1,[33][34][35][36][37], the most adequate comparison of our results is with studies performed on young handball players [4,5,31], although the exercise test performed in these studies was cycling ergometer testing. However, because it has been shown that endogenous oestrogen may have a protective role in exercise-induced oxidative stress among female handball players [38] and female non-ath- exercise load and consequently longer duration of the exercise test.…”

“…Although intensively researched during the following decades, there is a dearth of scientific data describing exercise-induced oxidative stress, especially among athletes partaking in sporting games such as handball [3]. Recently published studies showed that handball players have significantly higher superoxide dismutase activity [3,4], higher levels of reduced glutathione and nitric oxide, and lower levels of lipid peroxidation compared to non-athletes [3], while catalase activity was in one study higher [4] and in another lower [3] than in controls. Another study showed that nonspecific intensive activity, such as maximal progressive tests on a cycle ergometer, induced oxidative stress in young handball players [5].…”