Comparison of Box–Behnken and central composite designs in optimization of fullerene loaded palm-based nano-emulsions for cosmeceutical application

Ngan, Cheng Loong; Basri, Mahiran; Lye, Fui F ang; Masoumi, Hamid Reza Fard; Tripathy, Minaketan; Karjiban, Roghayeh Abedi; Abdulmalek, Emilia

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.05.042

Cited by 98 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This effect was attributed to the increase of the dispersed phase’s viscosity in conjunction with the increase of oil content, which subsequently resulted in the increase of flow resistance and restriction on the droplet breakup rate [ 19 ]. This effect could be correlated with increased frequency of collision between the nanoemulsion particles, accompanied by an increase in the frequency of coalescence, resulting in a higher chance of coalescence between the particles [ 20 ]. Moreover, adding emulsifiers, including lecithin and Tween 85:Span 85 in the two formulations showed the opposite effect, whereby the particle size decreased when the surfactant and co-surfactant were increased.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Effect of Composition on Formation of Aerosolized Nanoemulsion System Encapsulating Docetaxel and Curcumin Using D-Optimal Mixture Experimental Design

Asmawi

Salim

Abdulmalek

et al. 2020

IJMS

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The synergistic anticancer effect of docetaxel (DTX) and curcumin (CCM) has emerged as an attractive therapeutic candidate for lung cancer treatment. However, the lack of optimal bioavailability because of high toxicity, low stability, and poor solubility has limited their clinical success. Given this, an aerosolized nanoemulsion system for pulmonary delivery is recommended to mitigate these drawbacks. In this study, DTX- and CCM-loaded nanoemulsions were optimized using the D-optimal mixture experimental design (MED). The effect of nanoemulsion compositions towards two response variables, namely, particle size and aerosol size, was studied. The optimized formulations for both DTX- and CCM-loaded nanoemulsions were determined, and their physicochemical and aerodynamic properties were evaluated as well. The MED models achieved the optimum formulation for DTX- and CCM-loaded nanoemulsions containing a 6.0 wt% mixture of palm kernel oil ester (PKOE) and safflower seed oils (1:1), 2.5 wt% of lecithin, 2.0 wt% mixture of Tween 85 and Span 85 (9:1), and 2.5 wt% of glycerol in the aqueous phase. The actual values of the optimized formulations were in line with the predicted values obtained from the MED, and they exhibited desirable attributes of physicochemical and aerodynamic properties for inhalation therapy. Thus, the optimized formulations have potential use as a drug delivery system for a pulmonary application.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Effect of Composition on Formation of Aerosolized Nanoemulsion System Encapsulating Docetaxel and Curcumin Using D-Optimal Mixture Experimental Design

Asmawi

Salim

Abdulmalek

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…The PDI value of the optimized formulation indicated a fairly monodisperse system (PDI 0.25). 25,26 Nanoemulsions with a droplet size ranging between 100 and 200 nm are more favorable for cosmeceutical purpose as suggested by Ngan et al 27 Morphology Figure 3 presents the TEM image of the KMO-enriched O/W nanoemulsion. The spherical shape of the oil droplets was distributed uniformly and homogenously throughout the formulation without any aggregation in the system.…”

Section: Physicochemical Characterization Of Optimized Kmo Nanoemulsionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Development of a kojic monooleate-enriched oil-in-water nanoemulsion as a potential carrier for hyperpigmentation treatment

Azhar

Ashari

Salim

2018

IJN

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IntroductionKojic monooleate (KMO) is an ester derived from a fungal metabolite of kojic acid with monounsaturated fatty acid, oleic acid, which contains tyrosinase inhibitor to treat skin disorders such as hyperpigmentation. In this study, KMO was formulated in an oil-in-water nanoemulsion as a carrier for better penetration into the skin.MethodsThe nanoemulsion was prepared by using high and low energy emulsification technique. D-optimal mixture experimental design was generated as a tool for optimizing the composition of nanoemulsions suitable for topical delivery systems. Effects of formulation variables including KMO (2.0%–10.0% w/w), mixture of castor oil (CO):lemon essential oil (LO; 9:1) (1.0%–5.0% w/w), Tween 80 (1.0%–4.0% w/w), xanthan gum (0.5%–1.5% w/w), and deionized water (78.8%–94.8% w/w), on droplet size as a response were determined.ResultsAnalysis of variance showed that the fitness of the quadratic polynomial fits the experimental data with F-value (2,479.87), a low P-value (P<0.0001), and a nonsignificant lack of fit. The optimized formulation of KMO-enriched nanoemulsion with desirable criteria was KMO (10.0% w/w), Tween 80 (3.19% w/w), CO:LO (3.74% w/w), xanthan gum (0.70% w/w), and deionized water (81.68% w/w). This optimum formulation showed good agreement between the actual droplet size (110.01 nm) and the predicted droplet size (111.73 nm) with a residual standard error <2.0%. The optimized formulation with pH values (6.28) showed high conductivity (1,492.00 µScm−1) and remained stable under accelerated stability study during storage at 4°C, 25°C, and 45°C for 90 days, centrifugal force as well as freeze–thaw cycles. Rheology measurement justified that the optimized formulation was more elastic (shear thinning and pseudo-plastic properties) rather than demonstrating viscous characteristics. In vitro cytotoxicity of the optimized KMO formulation and KMO oil showed that IC50 (50% inhibition of cell viability) value was >100 µg/mL.ConclusionThe survival rate of 3T3 cell on KMO formulation (54.76%) was found to be higher compared to KMO oil (53.37%) without any toxicity sign. This proved that the KMO formulation was less toxic and can be applied for cosmeceutical applications.

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“…The actual value was compared with the predicted value by calculating the residual standard error (RSE), as in Equation 2. The RSE value less than 5.00% indicated no significant difference between the actual and predicted value [19,20] The degree of hydrolysis (DH) was piloted based on the o-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) method used by Auwal et al [12] and Nielsen et al [21], with slight modifications. The OPA reagent was freshly prepared by dissolving 7.620 g of sodium tetraborate decahydrate (Na 2 [B 4 O 5 (OH) 4 ]•8H 2 O) and 0.200 g of sodium dodecyl sulfate (NaC 12 H 25 SO 4 ) in 150 mL deionized water (Solution 1).…”

Section: Statistical Analysis and Model Verificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response Factorial Design Analysis on Papain-Generated Hydrolysates from Actinopyga lecanora for Determination of Antioxidant and Antityrosinase Activities

et al. 2020

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Actinopyga lecanora (A. lecanora) is classified among the edible species of sea cucumber, known to be rich in protein. Its hydrolysates were reported to contain relatively high antioxidant activity. Antioxidants are one of the essential properties in cosmeceutical products especially to alleviate skin aging. In the present study, pH, reaction temperature, reaction time and enzyme/substrate ratio (E/S) have been identified as the parameters in the papain enzymatic hydrolysis of A. lecanora. The degree of hydrolysis (DH) with antioxidant activities of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays were used as the responses in the optimization. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), normal plot of residuals and 3D contour plots were evaluated to study the effects and interactions between parameters. The best conditions selected from the optimization were at pH 5.00, 70 °C of reaction temperature, 9 h of hydrolysis time and 1.00% enzyme/substrate (E/S) ratio, with the hydrolysates having 51.90% of DH, 42.70% of DPPH activity and 109.90 Fe2+μg/mL of FRAP activity. The A. lecanora hydrolysates (ALH) showed a high amount of hydrophobic amino acids (286.40 mg/g sample) that might be responsible for antioxidant and antityrosinase activities. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of ALH shows smooth structures with pores. Antityrosinase activity of ALH exhibited inhibition of 31.50% for L-tyrosine substrate and 25.40% for L-DOPA substrate. This condition suggests that the optimized ALH acquired has the potential to be used as a bioactive ingredient for cosmeceutical applications.

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Comparison of Box–Behnken and central composite designs in optimization of fullerene loaded palm-based nano-emulsions for cosmeceutical application

Cited by 98 publications

References 36 publications

Modeling the Effect of Composition on Formation of Aerosolized Nanoemulsion System Encapsulating Docetaxel and Curcumin Using D-Optimal Mixture Experimental Design

Modeling the Effect of Composition on Formation of Aerosolized Nanoemulsion System Encapsulating Docetaxel and Curcumin Using D-Optimal Mixture Experimental Design

Development of a kojic monooleate-enriched oil-in-water nanoemulsion as a potential carrier for hyperpigmentation treatment

Response Factorial Design Analysis on Papain-Generated Hydrolysates from Actinopyga lecanora for Determination of Antioxidant and Antityrosinase Activities

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