Comparison of bupivacaine, xylazine and buprenorphine with ketamine combination for spinal analgesia in buffalo calves

Pathak, Raghuvar D.; Pratap, K.; Amarpal,; Kinjavdekar, P.; Aithal, H. P.; Pankaj,

doi:10.5455/vetworld.2012.754-761

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…According to our knowledge dorsolumber epidural analgesia not previously used in buffalos, although, it is widely used for flank laparotomy in cattle (Lee, et al, 2004, 2005, and 2006, Hiraoka, et al, 2007. However, epidural administration of xylazine with other local anesthetics was evaluated in buffaloes calves (Pathak, et al, 2012). Insertion of the epidural needle into the epidural space between the last thoracic and first lumber vertebrae was successful in 8 of 10 buffalos (80 %) from the first trial, while the rest 20 % was successful from the second trial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, epidural administration of xylazine hydrochloride produces less pronounced cardiopulmonary effect compared to intramuscular and intravenous injection (Rehage et al, 1994;Junhold and Schneider, 2002). After epidural administration of xylazine in animals, the injected animals showed signs of sedation, which, attributed to the systemic effect of xylazine after its absorption to the systemic circulation through the epidural vein and lymphatic (Danghee and Chunsik, 2001;Pathak et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dorsolumbar Epidural Analgesia in Water Buffalo: Anaesthetic Assessment and Anatomical Studies

Sharshar¹,

Abedellaah²,

Shoghy³

et al. 2015

AJVS

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Anesthesia of the flank region of ten native buffaloes was accomplished through the dorsolumber epidural technique by using two different doses (4ml and 5ml) from anesthetic mixture containing xylazine hydrochloride (2%) and lidocaine hydrochloride (2%). Computed tomography and gross dissection were done for the thoraco-lumber region to show the special structures in this area. The results showed that, the anaesthetized area and the duration of analgesia in both sides of the flank region were wider and more prolonged at dose 5 ml than at 4 ml from the mixture. The CT showed that the epidural space at the lumbar region is enlarged and the widest part found at the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae. There is no inter-arcuate space between the last two thoracic vertebrae while the space was found between the last thoracic and the first lumbar vertebrae and continues between all lumbar vertebrae. Grossly, the last thoracic and first lumbar spinal nerve rootlets are nearly centered on the intervertebral discs between the last thoracic and the first lumbar vertebrae and between the first and the second lumbar vertebrae respectively. The second, the third, the fourth and the fifth lumbar spinal nerve rootlets are displaced cranially to extent, which the rootlets of the second and third lumbar spinal nerves are nearly located in the caudal portion of the canal of the second and third lumbar vertebrae respectively. Furthermore, the fourth lumbar spinal nerve rootlets are nearly located in the central part of the canal of the fourth lumbar vertebra, while the fifth lumbar spinal nerve rootlets appeared in the cranial portion of the canal of the fifth lumbar vertebra. The study illustrated that dorsolumber epidural anesthesia was easy to perform in buffaloes and consume low dose from anesthetic drug which save cost, time and effort. Moreover, adding of xylazine hydrochloride to the local anesthetic will promote its anesthetic properties in addition to the sedative effect needed in such conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dorsolumbar Epidural Analgesia in Water Buffalo: Anaesthetic Assessment and Anatomical Studies

Sharshar¹,

Abedellaah²,

Shoghy³

et al. 2015

AJVS

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“…Thereafter, these values gradually returned to base value. Pathak et al (2012) [12] recorded reduction in Hb and PCV values but the changes were non-significant after intraspinally administration of buprenorphine at lumbosacral space in buffalo calves. Fall in Hb, PCV and TLC after propofol has also been reported by Kelawala et al (1991) [8] in goats and Singh et al (2014) [15] in buffalo calve.…”

Section: Hematological Profilesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…[2] with propofolbuprenorphine in atropinized dogs. Similarly, Kumar et al (2010) [9] also reported hyperglycemia after administration of propofol premeditated with cannabis indica (Bhang) extract in dogs whereas, Pathak et al (2012) [12] reported nonsignificant variation in plasma glucose concentration after intraspinal administration of buprenorphine in buffalo calves. In the present study, the increased serum glucose level might be attributed to decreased membrane transport of glucose, decreased glucose utilization, impaired insulin activity or increased concentration of adrenocortical hormones.…”

Section: Hematological Profilesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Alternations on haemato-biochemical profiles following administration of atropine-buprenorphine-propofol anaesthesia in goats

Dewangan¹,

Maravi²,

Tiwari³

et al. 2020

Int. J. Chem. Stud.

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The study was conducted to evaluate the alternations on haemato-biochemical profiles following administration of atropine-buprenorphine-propofol anaesthesia in six healthy non-descript goats of either sex weighing between 20-25 kg by administrating atropine sulphate @ 0.04 mg/kg I/M followed by buprenorphine @ 10 mg/kg I/M and 10 min. later induction of anaesthesia with propofol @ 5mg/kg I/V. Hb, PCV and TLC showed non-significant decrease at 60 min. however, the following values showed increasing trends at different time intervals of observation and returned to near base value by 6 hrs. There was significant (P<0.05) increase in neutrophils with significant (P<0.05) decrease in lymphocyte values. Serum glucose showed significant (P<0.05) elevation at 60 min. after atropine-buprenorphinepropofol administration whereas non-significant increase in serum urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, AST and ALT were observed at different time intervals. However, these changes were within normal physiological limits. Therefore, it can be concluded that atropine-buprenorphine-propofol combination does not produce any deleterious effect on vital organs and changes remain within physiological limits, thus can be safely used in goats.

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“…This observation corresponds with the previous findings (Trim, 1989;and Runa et al 2008). Pathak et al (2012) recorded the longest duration of complete analgesia with combination of bupivacaine and ketamine in buffalo calves. The protein binding characteristics of local analgesic agents influence the duration of action (Gissen et al, 1980).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of various local analgesics and ketamine for cranial epidural analgesia in Black Bengal Goats

Roy

Islam

Hossain

et al. 2014

IJBR

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The present study was conducted to find out the effects of analgesic and anaesthetic drugs for cranial epidural analgesia in Black Bengal goats. A series of thirty two (n=32) analgesic trails were conducted in goats age ranged from 8 to 12 months and with an average body weight of 8.1 kg. The animals were divided into four groups (n=4) and a replication of 8 trails was performed in each group at least one week interval. Two percent (2%) lidocaine hydrochloride (6.0 mg/kg), 2% lidocaine hydrochloride with adrenaline (6.0 mg/kg), 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride (1.5 mg/kg) and ketamine hydrochloride (5.0 mg/kg) were used to perform cranial epidural analgesia. 2% Lidocaine hydrochloride and Ketamine hydrochloride showed rapid onset of analgesia. 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride produced the highest area of desensitization in thigh region during cranial epidural analgesia. Perineal region and tail were totally desensitized during epidural analgesia. 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride prolonged the duration of analgesia during epidural analgesia. 2% Lidocaine hydrochloride showed no side effects whereas 2% Lidocaine hydrochloride with adrenaline showed straining and muscle tremor, 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride shivering and drowsiness, ketamine hydrochloride tympany, excitement and drowsiness. It seemed that 2% Lidocaine hydrochloride is more effective whereas 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride is associated with side effects. Though ketamine hydrochloride is a dissociative agent, it could also be used in epidural analgesia.

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Comparison of bupivacaine, xylazine and buprenorphine with ketamine combination for spinal analgesia in buffalo calves

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

Dorsolumbar Epidural Analgesia in Water Buffalo: Anaesthetic Assessment and Anatomical Studies

Dorsolumbar Epidural Analgesia in Water Buffalo: Anaesthetic Assessment and Anatomical Studies

Alternations on haemato-biochemical profiles following administration of atropine-buprenorphine-propofol anaesthesia in goats

Effects of various local analgesics and ketamine for cranial epidural analgesia in Black Bengal Goats

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